다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/685594/file/1130605.pdf

Review of Particle Physics

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

The transition metal dichalcogenides are about 60 in number. Two-thirds of these assume layer structures. Crystals of such materials can be cleaved down to less than 1000 A and are then transparent in the region of direct band-to-band transitions. The transmission spectra of the family have been correlated group by group with the wide range of electrical and structural data available to yield useful working band models that are in accord with a molecular orbital approach. Several special topics have arisen; these include exciton screening, d-band formation, and the metal/insulator transition; also magnetism and superconductivity in such compounds. High pressure work seems to offer the possibility for testing the recent theory of excitonic insulators.

The transition metal dichalcogenides discussion and interpretation of the observed optical, electrical and structural properties

Inorganic metal–oxygen cluster anions form a class of compounds that is unique in its topological and electronic versatility and is important in several disciplines. Names such as Berzelius, Werner, and Pauling appear in the early literature of the field. These clusters (so-called isopoly- and heteropolyanions) contain highly symmetrical core assemblies of MOx units (M = V, Mo, W) and often adopt quasi-spherical structures based on Archimedean and Platonic solids of considerable topological interest. Understanding the driving force for the formation of high-nuclearity clusters is still a formidable challenge. Polyoxoanions are important models for elucidating the biological and catalytic action of metal–chalcogenide clusters, since metal–metal interactions in the oxo clusters range from very weak (virtually none) to strong (metal–metal bonding) and can be controlled by choice of metal (3d, 4d, 5d), electron population (degree of reduction), and extent of protonation. Mixed-valence vanadates, in particular, show novel capacities for unpaired electrons, and the magnetic properties of these complexes may be tuned in a stepwise manner. Many vanadates also act as cryptands and clathrate hosts not only for neutral molecules and cations but also for anions, whereby a remarkable “induced self-assembly process” often occurs. Polyoxometalates have found applications in analytical and clinical chemistry, catalysis (including photocatalysis), biochemistry (electron transport inhibition), medicine (antitumoral, antiviral, and even anti-HIV activity), and solid-state devices. These fields are the focus of much current research. Metal–oxygen clusters are also present in the geosphere and possibly in the biosphere. The mixed–valence vanadates contribute to an understanding of the extremely versatile geochemistry of the metal. The significant differences between the chemistry of the polyoxoanions and that of the thioanions of the same elements is of relevance to heterogeneous catalysis, bioinorganic chemistry, and veterinary medicine.

Polyoxometalate Chemistry: An Old Field with New Dimensions in Several Disciplines

Polyoxometalates: Very large clusters - Nanoscale magnets

Polyoxometalates: A Class of Compounds with Remarkable Topology.- A: Formation and Structure.- Equilibria of Polyoxometalates in Aqueous Solution.- Synthesis and Structural Chemistry of Novel Heteropolymolybdates and -tungstates.- Progress in Polytungstophosphate and -arsenate(V) Chemistry.- Crystal Structure Studies of Isopoly and Heteropoly Oxometalates. Structure of the Paradodecatungstate Molecule and Its Environment in Crystals.- Polyoxoanion-Supported Organometallic Complexes.- New Aspects of Non-Aqueous Polyoxometalate Chemistry.- Functionalization of Polyoxomolybdates: the Example of Nitrosyl Derivatives.- Polyoxoalkoxy Molybdenum and Vanadium Clusters.- Polyoxovanadates with Organic Ligands.- B: Spectroscopy and Magnetochemistry.- New Aspects of NMR Spectroscopy of Polyoxometalates.- Polyoxotungstates with Lone-Pair Assembling Atoms: Part 2: 183W NMR Structural Study of the Inorganic Cryptates [MAs4W40O140](28-n)- and [MSb9W21O86](19-n)-(Mn+ = Alkaline or Alkaline Earth Cation).- Blue Electron Distributions in Diamagnetic Reduced Heteropoly Tungstates. Insights Concerning Conduction Pathways and Spin Coupling Patterns. 183W NMR Chemical Shift Calculations.- Interactions between Delocalized and Localized Electrons in Heteropoly Blues Containing Paramagnetic Transition Metals. Magnetic Susceptibility and NMR Studies.- Polyoxovanadates: The Missing Link between Simple Paramagnets and Bulk Magnets?.- Molecular Magnetic Materials from Polyoxometalates.- The Use of Polyoxometalates in Charge Transfer Salts.- C: Applications-Catalysis and Biology.- Catalytic Chemistry of Solid Polyoxometalates and Their Industrial Applications.- Polyoxoanions in Homogeneous Catalysis: Polyoxoanion-Supported, Atomically-Dispersed Iridium, [(l,5-COD)Ir-P2W15Nb3O62]8-.- Palladium and Phosphomolybdovanadate Catalyzed Olefin Oxidation to Carbonyls.- Mixed Addenda Phosphomolybdovanadates as Catalysts for Oxidations Dioxygen and Hydrogen Peroxide.- Role of Vanadium in Oxidation Catalysis by Heteropolyanions.- Photocatalytic Processes by Polyoxometalates. Splitting of Water. The Role of Dioxygen.- Polyoxometalates for Molecular Devices: Antitumor Activity and Luminescence.- Polyoxometalates in Catalytic Selective Homogeneous Oxygenation and Anti-HIV Chemotherapy.- Of Therapy, Toxicity and Tungstates: The Anti-Retroviral Pharmacology of Polyoxometalates.- Polyoxometalates in AIDS Therapy.- Interactions of Oxovanadates and Selected Oxomolybdates with Proteins.

Polyoxometalates : from platonic solids to anti-retroviral activity

Introduction to Polyoxometalate Chemistry: From Topology via Self-Assembly to Applications M.T. Pope, A. Muller. Synthetic Strategies. 1. Rational Approaches to Polyoxometalate Synthesis R.J. Errington. 2. Functionalization of Polyoxometalates: Achievements and Perspectives A. Proust, R. Villaneau. 3. From the First Sulfurated Keggin Anion to a New Class of Compounds Based on the [M2O2S2 2+ Building Block M-Mo,W E. Cadot, et al. 4. Organometallic Oxometal Clusters A. Proust, et al. Structures: Molecular and Electronic. 5. Spherical (Icosahedral) Objects in Nature and Deliberately Constructable Molecular Keplerates: Structural and Topological Aspects O. Delgado, et al. 6. Synthesis and Crystal Structure Studies of Novel Selenium- and Tellurium-Substituted Lacunary Polyoxometalates B. Krebs, et al. 7. Vibrational Spectroscopy of Heteropoly Acids H. Ratajczak, et al. 8. Bond-Stretch Isomerism in Polyoxometalates? M.-M. Rohmer, et al. 9. Quantum-Chemical Studies of Electron Transfer in Transition-Metal Substituted Polyoxometalates S.A. Borshch, H. Duclusaud. Solution Equilibria and Dynamics. 10. Aqueous Peroxoisopolyoxometalates O.W. Howarth, et al. 11. Molybdate Speciation in Systems Related to the Bleaching of Kraft Pulp F. Taube, et al. 12. NMR Studies of Various Ligands Coordinated to Paramagnetic Polyoxometalates B.A. Kim, H. So. From Discrete Clusters to Networks and Materials. 13. Molecular Aspect of EnergyTransfer from Tb3+ to Eu3+ in the Polyoxometalate Lattices: An Approach for Molecular Design of Rare-Earth Metal-Oxide Phosphors T. Yamase. 14. Conducting and Magnetic Organic / Inorganic Molecular Materials Based on Polyoxometalates L. Ouahab, et al. 15. Molecular Materials From Polyoxometalates J.J. Borras-Almenar, et al. 16. Framework Materials Composed of Transition Metal Oxide Clusters M.I. Khan. 17. Perspectives in the Solid State Coordination Chemistry of the Molybdenum Oxides P.J. Hagrman, et al. 18. Polyoxometalate Clusters in a Supramolecular Self-Organized Environment: Steps Towards Functional Nanodevices and Thin Film Applications D.G. Kurth, D. Volkmer. 19. Polyoxometalate Chemistry: A Source for Unusual Spin Topologies D. Gatteschi, et al. 20. Heteropolyanions: Molecular Building Blocks for Ultrathin Oxide Films J.D. Powell, et al. Applications: Catalysis, Biological Systems, Environmental Studies. 21. Selective Oxidation of Hydrocarbons with Hydrogen Peroxide Catalyzed by Iron-substituted Silicotungstates N. Mizuno. 22. Aerobic Oxidations Catalyzed by Polyoxometalates A.M. Khenkin, et al. 23. Polyoxoanions in Catalysis: From Record Catalytic Lifetime Nanocluster Catalysis to Record Catalytic Lifetime Catechol Dioxygenase Catalysis R.G. Finke. 24. Ribosomal Crystallography and Heteropolytungstates D. Janell, et al. 25. Photocatalytic Decontamination by Polyoxometalates A. Hiskia, et al. Index.

Polyoxometalate chemistry : from topology via self-assembly to applications

Preface.Nanomaterials: An Introduction.Strategies for the Scalable Synthesis of Quantum Dots and Related Nanodimensional Materials.Moving Nanoparticles Around: Phase-Transfer Processes in Nanomaterials Synthesis.Mesoscopic Assembly and Other Properties of Metal and Semiconductor Nanocrystals.Oxide Nanoparticles.Sonochemistry and Other Novel Methods Developed for the Synthesis of Nanoparticles.Solvothermal Synthesis of Non-Oxide Nanomaterials.Nanotubes and Nanowires.Synthesis, Assembly and Reactivity of Metallic Nanorods.Oxide-Assisted Growth of Silicon and Related Nanowires: Growth Mechanism, Structure and Properties.Electronic Structure and Spectroscopy of Semiconductor Nanocrystals.Core-shell Semiconductor Nanocrystals for Biological Labeling.Large Semiconductor Molecules.Oxomolybdates: From Structures to Functions in a New Era of Nanochemistry.Nanostructural Polymers.Recent Developments in the Chemistry and Chemical Applications of Porous Silicon.Nanocatalysis.Nanoporous Materials.Photochemistry and Electrochemistry of Nanoassemblies.Electrochemistry with Nanoparticles.Nanolithography and Nanomanipulation.

Achim Müller

Papers

Polyoxometalate Chemistry: An Old Field with New Dimensions in Several Disciplines

Polyoxometalates: Very large clusters - Nanoscale magnets

Polyoxometalates : from platonic solids to anti-retroviral activity

Polyoxometalate chemistry : from topology via self-assembly to applications

The Chemistry of Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications