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Numerical Heat Transfer And Fluid Flow

Methods of Feasible Directions. By G. Zoutendijk. Pp. 126. 30s. 1960. (D. van Nostrand Co. London)

Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics: Preface

This paper presents a review of erosion and deposition research in turbomachines and the associated degradation in engine performance caused by particulate matter ingestion Parameters affecting surface material losses as a result of erosion and development of experimental and analytical approaches to predict flowpath erosion and deposition are discussed Tests results that quantify the effects of temperature, impact particle composition, impact velocity and angle, and surface material composition are reviewed along with particle restitution data (ratios of rebound to impact velocities and angles) Development and application of models using these data to calculate surface erosion in turbomachinery are described These models predict particle trajectories in turbomachinery passages to determine impact rates, impact velocities, impact angles and uses the experimentally-obtained erosion data to calculate material losses Literature on the effects of erosion on turbomachine performance and life is surveyed Mechanisms of particle delivery and attachment upon arrival at turbomachine flowpath surfaces are also discussed along with experiential models that have been developed to predict surface deposit buildup Delivery to turbine surfaces can occur as a result of inertial flight, as for erosion, but also through transport mechanisms involving turbulence, Brownian diffusion, and thermophoresis The particle size range, where each of these mechanisms is dominant for delivery to surfaces, is described The history and experience of developing models that use these mechanisms to quantify particle delivery rates to turbine flow path surfaces is discussed, along with the use of sticking fraction data to determine the amount of material retained on the surfaces after delivery and the resulting deposit buildup rates Finally, factors that control whether extreme rates of deposition can occur in turbomachinery are described

Erosion and Deposition in Turbomachinery

Handbook Of Heat Transfer

Thermodynamic optimization of several (heat recovery steam generator) HRSG configurations for a range of exhaust gas temperatures

The erosion of an axial fan was investigated, both theoretically and experimentally. A computer program was developed to predict particle trajectories and erosion through turbomachines. It also accounts for different boundary conditions and stage interfaces. The governing equations of the particle motion were solved using Runge-Kutta Fehlberg technique in a given flowfield. The tracking of particles and their locations are based on the finite element interpolation method. The methodology was applied to an axial fan with inlet guide vanes (IGV). The flowfield was solved using the TASCflow code. The number of particles seeded upstream of the IGV was determined from experimentally measured profile concentration, with respect to a random distribution of particle sizes. The erosion of the blades and changes to the chord and tip clearances were also measured. The concentration profiles and velocities of the particle were measured with a laser transit anemometer and used as input to the trajectory code. The fan performance was measured before and after sand ingestion to assess the degradation in performance due to the eroded geometryCopyright © 2001 by ASME

Particles Trajectories Through an Axial Fan and Performance Degradation due to Sand Ingestion

Aero-engines operating in dusty environments are subject to ingestion of erodent particles leading to erosion damage of blades and a permanent drop in performance. This work concerns the study of particle dynamics and erosion of the front compression stage of a commercial turbofan. Particle trajectories simulations used a stochastic Lagrangian tracking code that solves the equations of motion separately from the airflow in a stepwise manner, while the tracking of particles in different cells is based on the finite element method. As the locations of impacts and rates of erosion were predicted, the subsequent geometry deteriorations were assessed. The number of particles, sizes, and initial positions were specified conformed to sand particle distribution (MIL-E5007E, 0-1000 micrometers) and concentrations 50–700 mg/m3 . The results show that the IGV blade is mainly eroded over the leading edge and near hub and shroud; also the rotor blade has a noticeable erosion of the leading and trailing edges and a rounding of the blade tip corners, whereas in the diffuser, erosion is shown to spread over the blade surfaces in addition to the leading edge and trailing edge.

Study of Sand Particle Trajectories and Erosion Into the First Compression Stage of a Turbofan

An experimental investigation was conducted to study the effects of sand ingestion on an axial fan with an upstream guide vane (contra-whirl) The experimental work was divided into two types of testing Firstly, local injection tests were carried out to generate qualitative erosion patterns in order to validate a trajectory code Secondly, global sand injection tests were carried out in order to assess the geometry deterioration and the subsequent degradation in the axial fan aerodynamic characteristics Two types of particle were used; a narrow size bandwidth sand (150–300 μm) and MIL-E5007E sand (0–1000 μm) In all sand injection tests the fan operated near design point at a constant speed of rotation

Experimental investigation of axial fan erosion and performance degradation

Erosion of compressor blades due to operation in particulate environments is a serious problem for the manufacturers and users of industrial and aeronautical gas turbines, because of drasti...

Adel Ghenaiet

Papers

Thermodynamic optimization of several (heat recovery steam generator) HRSG configurations for a range of exhaust gas temperatures

Particles Trajectories Through an Axial Fan and Performance Degradation due to Sand Ingestion

Study of Sand Particle Trajectories and Erosion Into the First Compression Stage of a Turbofan

Experimental investigation of axial fan erosion and performance degradation

Prediction of an axial turbomachine performance degradation due to sand ingestion