Akiko Matsumoto-Oda

TL;DR: It is suggested that ground-sleeping hominins initially dealt with this formidable threat by using stone tools to modify Acacia branches into 'bomas', thorny enclosures that provided nighttime shelter, which would have allowed them to range more widely, a crucial step in furthering the spread of hom inins across Africa and beyond.

TL;DR: The role of exposure to particular faces for the detection of facial similarities by asking judges to detect parent-child pairs using faces from different origins suggests that exposure has a limited role in the ability to process facial resemblance in others, which contrasts with facial recognition processing.

Abstract: Detection of genuine altruists could be a solution to the problem of subtle cheating Brown et al (Evol Psychol 1:42-69, 2003) found that humans could detect altruists using nonverbal cues However, their experiments can be improved upon in several ways, and further investigation is needed to determine whether altruist- detection abilities are human universals In our experiment, we used video clips of natural conversations as the stimulus We asked a sample of Japanese undergraduates to rate their own level of altruism and then to estimate the videotaped targets' altruism using the same scale The perceivers were able to estimate the targets' altruism levels accurately Perceivers' altruism score did not affect their ability to discriminate between altruists and non-altruists Perceivers' impressions of the altruist and non-altruist targets were also found to be different Coding of nonverbal behavior of the targets revealed that altruists exhibited more "felt smiles" than non- altruists, which also supports the results of the previous study

TL;DR: In this article, the authors analyzed the ranging patterns of the Mimikire group (M group) of chimpanzees in the Mahale Mountains National Park, Tanzania, and found that the M group reduced their use of the northern part of their range and increased their frequency of visits to the eastern mountainous side of their home range.

TL;DR: Differences in responses to videotaped altruists and non-altruists with the Faith Game provide strong evidence that cognitive adaptations evolve as counter-strategies to subtle cheating.