Crystalline metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are formed by reticular synthesis, which creates strong bonds between inorganic and organic units. Careful selection of MOF constituents can yield crystals of ultrahigh porosity and high thermal and chemical stability. These characteristics allow the interior of MOFs to be chemically altered for use in gas separation, gas storage, and catalysis, among other applications. The precision commonly exercised in their chemical modification and the ability to expand their metrics without changing the underlying topology have not been achieved with other solids. MOFs whose chemical composition and shape of building units can be multiply varied within a particular structure already exist and may lead to materials that offer a synergistic combination of properties.

The Chemistry and Applications of Metal-Organic Frameworks

A critical review of the emerging field of MOF-based catalysis is presented. Discussed are examples of: (a) opportunistic catalysis with metal nodes, (b) designed catalysis with framework nodes, (c) catalysis by homogeneous catalysts incorporated as framework struts, (d) catalysis by MOF-encapsulated molecular species, (e) catalysis by metal-free organic struts or cavity modifiers, and (f) catalysis by MOF-encapsulated clusters (66 references).

Metal–organic framework materials as catalysts

3.2.3. Hydroformylation 2467 3.2.4. Dimerization 2468 3.2.5. Oxidative Cleavage and Ozonolysis 2469 3.2.6. Metathesis 2470 4. Terpenes 2472 4.1. Pinene 2472 4.1.1. Isomerization: R-Pinene 2472 4.1.2. Epoxidation of R-Pinene 2475 4.1.3. Isomerization of R-Pinene Oxide 2477 4.1.4. Hydration of R-Pinene: R-Terpineol 2478 4.1.5. Dehydroisomerization 2479 4.2. Limonene 2480 4.2.1. Isomerization 2480 4.2.2. Epoxidation: Limonene Oxide 2480 4.2.3. Isomerization of Limonene Oxide 2481 4.2.4. Dehydroisomerization of Limonene and Terpenes To Produce Cymene 2481

Chemical Routes for the Transformation of Biomass into Chemicals

2.2. MOFs with Metal Active Sites 4614 2.2.1. Early Studies 4614 2.2.2. Hydrogenation Reactions 4618 2.2.3. Oxidation of Organic Substrates 4620 2.2.4. CO Oxidation to CO2 4626 2.2.5. Phototocatalysis by MOFs 4627 2.2.6. Carbonyl Cyanosilylation 4630 2.2.7. Hydrodesulfurization 4631 2.2.8. Other Reactions 4632 2.3. MOFs with Reactive Functional Groups 4634 2.4. MOFs as Host Matrices or Nanometric Reaction Cavities 4636

Engineering Metal Organic Frameworks for Heterogeneous Catalysis

Although homogeneous gold catalysis was known previously, an exponential growth was only induced 12 years ago. The key findings which induce that rise of the field are discussed. This includes early reactions of allenes and furanynes and intermediates of these conversions as well as hydroarylation reactions. Other substrate types addressed are alkynyl epoxides and N-propargyl carboxamides. Important vinylgold intermediates, the transmetalation from gold to other transition metals, the development of new ligands for gold catalysis, and significant contributions from computational chemistry are other crucial points for the field highlighted here.

Gold-Catalyzed Organic Reactions

http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/78793/1/Progress%20in%20chemical-looping%20combustion%20and%20ref....2012.pdf

Progress in chemical-looping combustion and reforming technologies

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/anie.200500382

A collaborative effect between gold and a support induces the selective oxidation of alcohols.

Chemical-looping combustion (CLC) has been suggested as an energetically efficient method for capture of carbon dioxide from the combustion of fuel gas. This technique involves the use of an oxygen carrier that transfers oxygen from the air to the fuel, preventing direct contact between them. The oxygen carrier is composed of a metal oxide as an oxygen source, and an inert as a binder for increasing the mechanical strength of the carrier. In this work, 240 samples composed of 40−80% of Cu, Fe, Mn, or Ni oxides on Al2O3, sepiolite, SiO2, TiO2, or ZrO2 were prepared by mechanical mixing as cylindrical extrudates. The samples were sintered at four temperatures between 950 and 1300 °C. The effects of the chemical nature and composition of the carrier and the sintering temperature were investigated by reactivity tests in a thermogravimetric analyzer using CH4 as fuel, and the mechanical strength of the solids. On the basis of these properties, the most promising carriers to be used in a CLC system were selecte...

Selection of Oxygen Carriers for Chemical-Looping Combustion

http://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/78281/1/Mapping%20of%20the%20range%20of%20operational.....pdf

Alberto Abad

Papers

Progress in chemical-looping combustion and reforming technologies

A collaborative effect between gold and a support induces the selective oxidation of alcohols.

Selection of Oxygen Carriers for Chemical-Looping Combustion

Mapping of the range of operational conditions for Cu-, Fe-, and Ni-based oxygen carriers in chemical-looping combustion

MOFs as catalysts: Activity, reusability and shape-selectivity of a Pd-containing MOF