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Power Electronics Converters Applications And Design

Multilevel inverters (MLIs) are being used in wide range of power electronic applications. These converters have attracted a lot of attention during recent years and exist in different topologies with similar basic concepts. This paper presents five main submodules (SMs) to be used as the basic structures of MLIs. The paper reviews the common MLI topologies from the structural point of view. The topologies are divided into the different SMs to show conventional MLI configurations and future topologies that can be created from the main SMs. A comparative study between different topologies is performed in detail. The MLIs are categorized and investigated with from different perspectives such as the number of components, the ability to create inherent negative voltage, working in regeneration mode and using single dc source.

A General Review of Multilevel Inverters Based on Main Submodules: Structural Point of View

This paper presents a new reconfiguration module for asymmetrical multilevel inverters in which the capacitors are used as the dc links to create the levels for staircase waveforms. This configuration of the multilevel converter makes a reduction in dc sources. On the other hand, it is possible to generate 13 levels with lower dc sources. The proposed module of the multilevel inverter generates 13 levels with two unequal dc sources (2 V DC and 1 V DC). It also involves two chargeable capacitors and 14 semiconductor switches. The capacitors are self-charging without any extra circuit. The lower number of components makes it desirable to be used in wide range of applications. The module is schematized as two back-to-back T-type inverters and some other switches around it. Also, it can be connected as a cascade modular which leads to a modular topology with more voltage levels at higher voltages. The proposed module makes the inherent creation of the negative voltage levels without any additional circuit (such as H-bridge circuit). Nearest level control switching modulation scheme is applied to achieve high-quality sinusoidal output voltage. Simulations are executed in MATLAB/Simulink and a prototype is implemented in the power electronics laboratory in which the simulation and experimental results show a good performance.

A 13-Levels Module (K-Type) With Two DC Sources for Multilevel Inverters

This letter presents a compact switched capacitor multilevel inverter (CSCMLI) topology with reduced switch count and with self-voltage balancing and boosting ability. The operational mode of the proposed CSCMLI is discussed. A comparative analysis in terms of number of switches and blocking voltages is presented against recent switched capacitor multilevel inverter topologies. Further to enhance the quality of the output voltage, a new level shifted multicarrier pulsewidth modulation (PWM) technique is recommended. This modulation technique produces low THD and high rms voltage. The proposed modulation technique is implemented in the nine-level CSCMLI with single dc source and two capacitors. The simulated and experimental results are verified for a switching frequency of 50 Hz and 2.5 kHz using the proposed PWM control.

Compact Switched Capacitor Multilevel Inverter (CSCMLI) With Self-Voltage Balancing and Boosting Ability

In this paper, a multilevel voltage-source converter system is proposed for high-voltage, high-power applications such as back-to-back interconnection of power systems, large induction motor drives, and electrical traction drives. Multilevel voltage-source converters have a voltage unbalance problem in the DC capacitors. The problem may be solved by use of additional voltage regulators or separate DC sources. However, these solutions are found not to be practicable for most applications. The proposed converter system can solve the voltage unbalance problem of the conventional multilevel voltage-source converters, without using any additional voltage balance circuits or separate voltage sources. The mechanism of the voltage unbalance problem is analyzed theoretically in this paper. The voltage unbalance problem of multilevel converters in the DC capacitors has been solved by the proposed internal connections of the AC/DC and DC/AC converters. The validity of the new converter system is demonstrated by simulation and experiment. >

A multilevel voltage-source converter system with balanced DC voltages

In this paper, a dc to ac converter with the ability of voltage increasing is presented. This inverter is designed in a way that just one dc source is used. Also, by using power storage technique and with combining charged capacitors and dc source in series form, output voltage levels can be increased. This inverter is in a modular structure and has the ability of capacitor's voltage self-balancing. H-bridge inverter was not used at the end of the proposed converter and all elements tolerate a voltage stress equal to the amount of input dc source. This leads to remarkable decrease of total standing voltage and peak inverse voltage. Other advantage of the proposed inverter is its potentiality of performance in high-frequency applications. The modular form of the proposed inverter provides the potentiality of extension to higher voltage levels and eases the maintenance. Moreover, considering to the fact that the stress of all components of the suggested inverter is equal to the input source, the performance in high voltage is added to the characteristics of the proposed inverter. The nine-level structure of the proposed inverter is simulated and laboratory test is carried out for the verification of its performance.

A Self-Balanced Step-Up Multilevel Inverter Based on Switched-Capacitor Structure

This study presents a new topology of switched-capacitor (SC) multilevel inverter, which is able to step-up input DC voltage to a multilevel AC waveform. This single source inverter is designed based on series connection of the capacitors that charged by input DC sources through a SC network. The proposed modular inverter uses famous T and cross-connected modules that can be simply extended to higher output voltages without increasing the amount of total standing voltage and peak inverse voltage of switches. It generates positive and negative voltage levels inherently, which eliminates requirements of H-bridge inverters that are traditionally used to achieve a bipolar output voltage. Analysis shows that the voltage stress on components, cost, efficiency and losses are kept in acceptable range especially for higher-voltage levels. Capacitor's voltage self-balancing is another inherent advantage of this modular topology which leads to simplify control strategy and eliminate excess balancing circuit. Performance of a six-step proposed structure is evaluated by theoretical analysis, simulation and experimental results.

https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1049/iet-pel.2017.0378

Multi-level inverter with combined T-type and cross-connected modules

This paper presents a switched-capacitor multilevel inverter (SCMLI) combined with multiple asymmetric dc sources The main advantage of proposed inverter with similar cascaded MLIs is reducing the number of isolated dc sources and replacing them with capacitors A self-balanced asymmetrical charging pattern is introduced in order to boost the voltage and create more voltage levels Number of circuit components such as active switches, diodes, capacitors, drivers, and dc sources reduces in proposed structure This multistage hybrid MLI increases the total voltage of used dc sources by multiple charging of the capacitors stage by stage A bipolar output voltage can be inherently achieved in this structure without using single phase H-bridge inverter that was used in traditional SCMLIs to generate negative voltage levels This eliminates requirements of high-voltage rating elements to achieve negative voltage levels A 55-level step-up output voltage (27 positive levels, a zero level, and 27 negative levels) are achieved by a three-stage system that uses only three asymmetrical dc sources (with amplitude of 1 Vin, 2 V in, and 3 Vin) and seven capacitors (self-balanced as multiples of 1 Vin) MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation results and experimental tests are given to validate the performance of proposed circuit

A Multilevel Inverter Structure Based on a Combination of Switched-Capacitors and DC Sources

This study is an attempt to present a multilevel inverter based on a modular structure with a single dc source. This inverter is a switched-capacitor topology, which controls the charging as well as the discharging of the capacitors in the predetermined time intervals. The most important attribute of this multistage structure is the multiple charging capacities of the capacitors at each stage compared with those of the previous stages, which can ultimately increase the output voltage of the low input dc voltage source. Different combinations of these capacitors will be discharged across the load to generate a high-level staircase ac voltage waveform. The high number of switching states provides different paths for capacitors to achieve a self-balancing capability. The low switching frequency and the elimination of transformer are among the advantages of the proposed topology. Compared with other topologies, the number of semiconductor devices and capacitors is also reduced largely. The simulation results and the laboratory test setup of a 49-level inverter using DSP TMS320F28335 are presented to verify the analysis.

Circuit Topology and Operation of a Step-Up Multilevel Inverter With a Single DC Source

This paper proposed a grid connected solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems with a new voltage balancing converter suitable for Neutral-Point-Clamped (NPC) Multilevel Inverter (MLI). The switched-capacitors used in the proposed converter is able to balance the DC link capacitor voltage effectively by using proper switching states. The proposed balancing converter can be extended to any higher levels and it can boost the DC input voltage to a higher voltage levels without using any magnetic components. This feature allows the converter to operate with the boosting capability of the input voltage to the desired output voltage while ensuring the self-balancing. In this paper the proposed converter is used for a grid connected solar PV system with NPC multilevel inverter, which is controlled using vector control scheme. The proposed grid connected solar PV system with associated controllers and maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is implemented in Matlab/SimPowerSystem and experimentally validated using dSPACE system and designed converters. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed topology can effectively balance the DC link voltage, extract maximum power from PV module and inject power to the grid under varying solar irradiances with very good steady state and dynamic performances.

/pdf/a-new-step-up-switched-capacitor-voltage-balancing-converter-3w55m25p0i.pdf

Amir Taghvaie

Papers

A Self-Balanced Step-Up Multilevel Inverter Based on Switched-Capacitor Structure

Multi-level inverter with combined T-type and cross-connected modules

A Multilevel Inverter Structure Based on a Combination of Switched-Capacitors and DC Sources

Circuit Topology and Operation of a Step-Up Multilevel Inverter With a Single DC Source

A New Step-Up Switched-Capacitor Voltage Balancing Converter for NPC Multilevel Inverter-Based Solar PV System