https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(18)32594-7.pdf

The 2018 report of the Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: shaping the health of nations for centuries to come

The deliberative practitioner: Encouraging participatory planning processes.

The political origins of health inequity: prospects for change

基因科学与亲子鉴定——国际流行病与公众健康杂志J Epidemiol Community Health

Urban heat islands (UHIs) exacerbate the risk of heat-related mortality associated with global climate change. The intensity of UHIs varies with population size and mean annual precipitation, but a unifying explanation for this variation is lacking, and there are no geographically targeted guidelines for heat mitigation. Here we analyse summertime differences between urban and rural surface temperatures (ΔTs) worldwide and find a nonlinear increase in ΔTs with precipitation that is controlled by water or energy limitations on evapotranspiration and that modulates the scaling of ΔTs with city size. We introduce a coarse-grained model that links population, background climate, and UHI intensity, and show that urban–rural differences in evapotranspiration and convection efficiency are the main determinants of warming. The direct implication of these nonlinearities is that mitigation strategies aimed at increasing green cover and albedo are more efficient in dry regions, whereas the challenge of cooling tropical cities will require innovative solutions. The effect of cities on urban climate (often warmer but sometimes cooler than their surroundings) is largely explained by local hydroclimate and patterns of city development.

/pdf/magnitude-of-urban-heat-islands-largely-explained-by-climate-wrw9mdqitk.pdf

Magnitude of urban heat islands largely explained by climate and population

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140-6736(12)60435-8.pdf

Shaping cities for health: complexity and the planning of urban environments in the 21st century

This paper draws on preliminary research carried out during December 2000 and January 2001 in two communities in Romania, one (Rotbav) in the Brasov county (judet) and the other (Motatei-Gara) in the Dolj county. The purpose of the research was to establish a baseline picture of the non-farm activities in which people in these two rural communities were involved and what the main factors are which currently motivate involvement in different activities. This research is part of a broader research project which is looking at involvement in non-farm activities in rural communities in Eastern Europe and the CIS countries, funded by the UK Department for International Development.

Factors affecting household-level involvement in rural non-farm economic activities, in two communities in dolj and brasov judete, romania

For every official registered Romanian migrant in Italy there are between one and three illegal, unregistered migrants. This article examines the informal forms of self-organization that arise among the migrants in order to manage the challenges migrants face under a system that needs their labor but refuses to acknowledge this need publicly or institutionalize it openly. Semi-tolerated illegality determines the forms of networks both in the organization of the migration and in the forms of its integration into the labor and housing markets. This strictly ethnographic and qualitative presentation focuses on informal solutions to housing and the creation of informal labor markets and the consequences for the migrants of this enforced informality. It shows how the Italian state is caught between toleration and repression, arbitrarily switching from one mode to the other.

/pdf/with-calluses-on-your-palms-they-don-t-bother-you-illegal-5cvd48po9e.pdf

"With calluses on your palms they don't bother you": Illegal Romanian migrants in Italy

This report is based on qualitative research carried out between December 2000 and January 2001 and between November 2001 and May 2002 in two communities in Romania, one (Rotbav) in the county (judet) of Brasov and the other (Motatei-Gara) in the county of Dolj. Section 1 of the report is a presentation of the methodology and instruments used for the qualitative research, and explains the criteria used for selecting counties, communities and households. Section 2 reviews the history of the RNFE sector in Romania before examining the non-farm activities which are pursued by the people of the study villages. Section 3 summarizes the non-farm activities engaged in at household level in the communities studied. Section 4 looks at linkages between farming and involvement in non-farm activities. Section 5 examines factors and constraints which affect involvement in RNFE, focusing particularly on social factors (relational networks, ethnicity, religion). The concluding section presents an outline of important aspects of the current situation in the study villages in relation to involvement in non-farm activities. A glossary is provided at the end of the report, after the bibliography.

/pdf/rural-non-farm-livelihood-activities-in-romania-a-report-on-4e0gheh6qe.pdf

Ana Bleahu

Papers

Shaping cities for health: complexity and the planning of urban environments in the 21st century

Factors affecting household-level involvement in rural non-farm economic activities, in two communities in dolj and brasov judete, romania

"With calluses on your palms they don't bother you": Illegal Romanian migrants in Italy

Rural non-farm livelihood activities in Romania: A report on qualitative fieldwork in two communities

Determinants and Implications of Remittances in Albania and Romania