András Szőnyi

TL;DR: A highly specific, spatiotemporally precise, inhibitory ascending brainstem pathway that effectively controls hippocampal fear memory formation is discovered.

TL;DR: The results represent the first quantitative measurement—using a highly reliable method— of the contribution of different cell types to the perisomatic innervation of pyramidal neurons, and may help to explain functional differences in their output properties.

TL;DR: Mouse MRR neurons are classically identified on the basis of their serotonin, vesicular glutamate transporter type 3 (VGLUT3), and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) contents, but the exact cellular composition of MRR regarding transmitter phenotypes is still unknown.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the majority of the output of the MRR is glutamatergic and acts through NMDA receptor-containing synapses, which suggests that key forebrain areas receive precisely targeted excitatory input from the MRr, which is able to synchronously modify activity in those regions via individual MRR cells with dual projections.

TL;DR: The MRR harbors a vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (vGluT2)–positive cell population that gives rise to the largest ascending output of the MRR, and the brainstem median raphe region (MRR) has been proposed to coordinate their activity.