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Modern Applied Statistics With S

Summary Background Since December, 2019, Wuhan, China, has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 have been reported but risk factors for mortality and a detailed clinical course of illness, including viral shedding, have not been well described. Methods In this retrospective, multicentre cohort study, we included all adult inpatients (≥18 years old) with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 from Jinyintan Hospital and Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital (Wuhan, China) who had been discharged or had died by Jan 31, 2020. Demographic, clinical, treatment, and laboratory data, including serial samples for viral RNA detection, were extracted from electronic medical records and compared between survivors and non-survivors. We used univariable and multivariable logistic regression methods to explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death. Findings 191 patients (135 from Jinyintan Hospital and 56 from Wuhan Pulmonary Hospital) were included in this study, of whom 137 were discharged and 54 died in hospital. 91 (48%) patients had a comorbidity, with hypertension being the most common (58 [30%] patients), followed by diabetes (36 [19%] patients) and coronary heart disease (15 [8%] patients). Multivariable regression showed increasing odds of in-hospital death associated with older age (odds ratio 1·10, 95% CI 1·03–1·17, per year increase; p=0·0043), higher Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (5·65, 2·61–12·23; p Interpretation The potential risk factors of older age, high SOFA score, and d-dimer greater than 1 μg/mL could help clinicians to identify patients with poor prognosis at an early stage. Prolonged viral shedding provides the rationale for a strategy of isolation of infected patients and optimal antiviral interventions in the future. Funding Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences; National Science Grant for Distinguished Young Scholars; National Key Research and Development Program of China; The Beijing Science and Technology Project; and Major Projects of National Science and Technology on New Drug Creation and Development.

Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study

Pedagosko i psiholosko testiranje i procjenjivanje spadaju među najvažnije doprinose znanosti o ponasanju nasem drustvu i pružaju temeljna i znacajna poboljsanja u odnosu na ranije postupke. Iako se ne može ustvrditi da su svi testovi dovoljno usavrseni niti da su sva testiranja razborita i korisna, postoji velika kolicina informacija koje ukazuju na ucinkovitost kvalitetnih instrumenata u onim situacijama u kojima je njihovo koristenje potkrijepljeno validacijskim podacima. Pravilna upotreba testova može dovesti do boljih odluka o pojedincima i programima nego sto bi to bio slucaj bez njihovog koristenja, a također i ukazati na put za siri i pravedniji pristup obrazovanju i zaposljavanju. Međutim, losa upotreba testova može dovesti do zamjetne stete nanesene ispitanicima i drugim sudionicima u procesu donosenja odluka na temelju testovnih podataka. Cilj Standarda je promoviranje kvalitetne i eticne upotrebe testova te uspostavljanje osnovice za ocjenu kvalitete postupaka testiranja. Svrha objavljivanja Standarda je uspostavljanje kriterija za evaluaciju testova, provedbe testiranja i posljedica upotrebe testova. Iako bi evaluacija prikladnosti testa ili njegove primjene trebala ovisiti prvenstveno o strucnim misljenjima, Standardi pružaju okvir koji osigurava obuhvacanje svih relevantnih pitanja. Bilo bi poželjno da svi autori, sponzori, nakladnici i korisnici profesionalnih testova usvoje Standarde te da poticu druge da ih također prihvate.

Standards for educational and psychological testing

The causes of Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder, are still largely unknown. Current thinking is that major gene mutations cause only a small proportion of all cases and that in most cases, non-genetic factors play a part, probably in interaction with susceptibility genes. Numerous epidemiological studies have been done to identify such non-genetic risk factors, but most were small and methodologically limited. Larger, well-designed prospective cohort studies have only recently reached a stage at which they have enough incident patients and person-years of follow-up to investigate possible risk factors and their interactions. In this article, we review what is known about the prevalence, incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of PD from epidemiological studies.

https://www.thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/laneur/PIIS1474442206704719.pdf

Epidemiology of Parkinson's disease

Parkinson's disease. First of two parts.

Einleitung In Deutschland müssen Arbeitgeber langzeit-arbeitsunfähige Beschäftigte bei der beruflichen Rückkehr durch das Angebot eines Betrieblichen Eingliederungsmanagements (BEM) unterstützen und sollten ihnen eine ärztlich empfohlene Stufenweise Wiedereingliederung (StW) ermöglichen. Allerdings scheinen Umsetzungslücken insbesondere bei kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen zu bestehen. Zugleich ist unklar wie Betroffene den Nutzen der Verfahren bewerten. Wir untersuchen, welche Beschäftigtengruppen sich bei der beruflichen Rückkehr durch den Arbeitgeber unterstützt fühlen und ob Unterschiede abhängig von der Unternehmensgröße bestehen. 

Fühlen sich Beschäftigte bei ihrer beruflichen
 Rückkehr nach längerer Arbeitsunfähigkeit von ihrem
 Arbeitgeber unterstützt? Welche Rolle spielt die
 Unternehmensgröße? Ergebnisse aus einer Pilotbefragung innerhalb
 der Gutenberg-Gesundheitsstudie

Einleitung Ungünstige psychosoziale Arbeitsbedingungen können ein Risiko für das Auftreten psychischer Erkrankungen darstellen. 

Erhöhtes Risiko für Depressionen und
 Angststörungen bei hohen psychosozialen beruflichen Belastungen
 („High Strain“): ein systematischer Review mit
 Metaanalysen

Andreas Seidler

Papers

Fühlen sich Beschäftigte bei ihrer beruflichen Rückkehr nach längerer Arbeitsunfähigkeit von ihrem Arbeitgeber unterstützt? Welche Rolle spielt die Unternehmensgröße? Ergebnisse aus einer Pilotbefragung innerhalb der Gutenberg-Gesundheitsstudie

Erhöhtes Risiko für Depressionen und Angststörungen bei hohen psychosozialen beruflichen Belastungen („High Strain“): ein systematischer Review mit Metaanalysen