Andrew L. Clark

TL;DR: The cachectic state was predictive of 18-month mortality independent of age, NYHA class, left-ventricular ejection fraction, and peak oxygen consumption, and a subset of patients at extremely high risk of death was identified.

TL;DR: In this paper, a neural linkage between peripheral abnormalities and the exaggerated exercise responses in chronic heart failure (CHF) was postulated, and the contribution of the ergoreflex to vagal withdrawal and sympathetic activation was quantified as the percentage responses to exercise maintained by post-handgrip regional circulatory occlusion (PH-RCO).

TL;DR: A high VE-VCO2 slope selects patients with more severe heart failure and is an independent prognostic marker in the assessment of patients with chronic heart failure.

TL;DR: The "muscle hypothesis" is put forward as an explanation for many of the pathophysiologic events in CHF, which links the symptoms of breathlessness and fatigue to impaired skeletal muscle function, which causes increased ventilation.

TL;DR: CHF is associated with marked insulin resistance, characterized by both fasting and stimulated hyperinsulinemia, but this is not directly mediated through ventricular dysfunction or increased catecholamine levels.