다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Satoshi Umemura ● Hisatomi Arima ● Shuji Arima ● Kei Asayama ● Yasuaki Dohi ● Yoshitaka Hirooka ● Takeshi Horio ● Satoshi Hoshide ● Shunya Ikeda ● Toshihiko Ishimitsu ● Masaaki Ito ● Sadayoshi Ito ● Yoshio Iwashima ● Hisashi Kai ● Kei Kamide ● Yoshihiko Kanno ● Naoki Kashihara ● Yuhei Kawano ● Toru Kikuchi ● Kazuo Kitamura ● Takanari Kitazono ● Katsuhiko Kohara ● Masataka Kudo ● Hiroo Kumagai ● Kiyoshi Matsumura ● Hideo Matsuura ● Katsuyuki Miura ● Masashi Mukoyama ● Satoko Nakamura ● Takayoshi Ohkubo ● Yusuke Ohya ● Takafumi Okura ● Hiromi Rakugi ● Shigeyuki Saitoh ● Hirotaka Shibata ● Tatsuo Shimosawa ● Hiromichi Suzuki ● Shori Takahashi ● Kouichi Tamura ● Hirofumi Tomiyama ● Takuya Tsuchihashi ● Shinichiro Ueda ● Yoshinari Uehara ● Hidenori Urata ● Nobuhito Hirawa

The Japanese Society of Hypertension Guidelines for the Management of Hypertension (JSH 2019)

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The Nature Of The Chemical Bond

One of the long-standing challenges in experimental physics is the observation of room-temperature superconductivity1,2. Recently, high-temperature conventional superconductivity in hydrogen-rich materials has been reported in several systems under high pressure3–5. An  important discovery leading to room-temperature superconductivity is the pressure-driven disproportionation of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to H3S, with a confirmed transition temperature of 203 kelvin at 155 gigapascals3,6. Both H2S and CH4 readily mix with hydrogen to form guest–host structures at lower pressures7, and are of  comparable size at 4 gigapascals. By introducing methane at low pressures into the H2S + H2 precursor mixture for H3S, molecular exchange is allowed within a large assemblage of van der Waals solids that are hydrogen-rich with H2 inclusions; these guest–host structures become the building blocks of superconducting compounds at extreme conditions. Here we report superconductivity in a photochemically transformed carbonaceous sulfur hydride system, starting from elemental precursors, with a maximum superconducting transition temperature of 287.7 ± 1.2 kelvin (about 15 degrees Celsius) achieved at 267 ± 10 gigapascals. The superconducting state is observed over a broad pressure range in the diamond anvil cell, from 140 to 275 gigapascals, with a sharp upturn in transition temperature above 220 gigapascals. Superconductivity is established by the observation of zero resistance, a magnetic susceptibility of up to 190 gigapascals, and reduction of the transition temperature under an external magnetic field of up to 9 tesla, with an upper critical magnetic field of about 62 tesla according to the Ginzburg–Landau model at zero temperature. The light, quantum nature of hydrogen limits the structural and stoichiometric determination of the system by X-ray scattering techniques, but Raman spectroscopy is used to probe the chemical and structural transformations before metallization. The introduction of chemical tuning within our ternary system could enable the preservation of the properties of room-temperature superconductivity at lower pressures. Room-temperature superconductivity is observed in a photochemically synthesized ternary carbonaceous sulfur hydride system at 15 °C and 267 GPa.

Room-temperature superconductivity in a carbonaceous sulfur hydride

Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms And Structure

Question Answering (QA) system is becoming more popular with the introduction of Virtual Agents and Chatbots. Medium of QA system is generally either text or audio. There are differences between search engine and QA system. Generally searching is based on keyword matching. In case of web search, list of URLs is ranked based on location, user history, search preference etc. Sophisticated algorithms like page-rank is also involved there. On the other hand, QA system does not work on keyword matching primarily. It’s often possible that the query and the best answer have no term or a very small number of terms in common. QA system in English and other popular languages resolves the issues with the help of ontology, WordNet, machine readable dictionary etc. QA system in low resource languages suffers from lack of annotation, absence of WordNet, immature ontology. In this work, QA system in Bengali is developed using supervised learning algorithms. A collection of Bengali literatures, which was developed during TDIL (Technology Development of Indian Languages) project funded by Govt. of India, is used as the repository. Well known classification techniques like ANN, SVM, Naive Bayes and Decision Tree are employed in this work. The system has achieved 84.33% accuracy to return the exact answer. It has achieved 97.13% accuracy to return the string containing correct answer. Unavailability of structured dataset and poor resources were the main challenges for this work. QA system in Indian languages especially Bengali is very much useful not only for chatbots or virtual agents but also for the e Governance and mobile governance in West Bengal and Bangladesh. QA system in mother tongue gives opportunity to more number citizens to interact with the administration. Though the system is designed aiming towards Bengali language but it can be tuned to work for any language with minimum modification.

An Alternate Approach for Question Answering system in Bengali Language using Classification Techniques

Association behavior of mono, di and tri-hydric alcohols having three carbon skeleton in a straight chain was studied based on surface tension () data, EOTVOS constants (k), order of association (x), hydrogen bond acceptor (Ha)-donor (Hd) counts and Trouton’s rule. It is to be understood from the title that alcohols used were 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-propanediol and glycerol.

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Association Behavior of Mono, Di and Tri-hydric Alcohols with Three Carbon Skeleton in a Straight Chain

Background: Thiamine is a member of the vitamin B family. Thiamine is necessary for normal insulin synthesis and secretion. In diabetes thiamine and its derivative benfotiamine showed promising results in prevention of microvascular complications. Some experimental and clinical studies have shown the antihyperglycaemic effect of thiamine. This study compared the antihyperglycaemic effect of thiamine with metformin in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced diabetic albino rats. Methods: 24 albino rats were taken and divided into four groups of six rats in each group. The groups were normal control, diabetic control, diabetic rats treated with thiamine, diabetic rats treated with metformin. Diabetes was induced in three groups by intraperitoneal injection of Streptozotocin in the dose of 60 mg/kg. To have an ideal type 2 diabetes model nicotinamide was administered 120 mg/ kg intraperitoneally fifteen minutes before streptozotocin administration. After successful induction of diabetes thiamine and metformin were given to the respective group for a period of 6 weeks. Fasting blood glucose was estimated on day 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 of treatment. Results: In this study both thiamine and metformin showed significant antihyperglycaemic effect (p<0.05). Further studies are needed to evaluate and compare the antihyperglycaemic effect of thiamine with other established anti diabetic drugs. Conclusions: From this study we concluded that individually both thiamine and metformin were effective in controlling hyperglycaemia but metformin was better in achieving normal mean FBS. Further studies are required to validate the antihyperglycaemic effect of thiamine. Study taking different doses of thiamine or with increasing the duration of study period can elaborate the role of thiamine in achieving proper glycemic control.

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A comparative study of thiamine with metformin on fasting blood glucose of diabetic albino rats

Purpose and Objectives: Leukocyte-reduced blood components prevent the transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection; however, provision of universal leukoreduced blood involves a huge resource constraint to developing countries. The present study aimed to identify the seroprevalence of CMV among voluntary blood donors and newborns who were transfused with nonleukoreduced blood in the recent past (control). With the availability of leukoreduced blood, the pre- and posttransfusion CMV serology was analyzed in the newborn (cohort) who had received entirely leukoreduced blood to understand its utility. Methods: Eight hundred and fifty-two healthy blood donors and 40 newborns (control) who received nonleukoreduced blood in the recent past were observed for the seroprevalence of CMV. In the other arm, 45 newborns (premature) were transfused with leukoreduced blood and observed for CMV seroprevalence during both pre- and posttransfusion periods. To identify the evidence of recent infection in these population, CMV immunoglobulin G (IgG) avidity was performed in a proportion of the participants in all the groups. Quality control of the leukoreduced blood components was also checked as per standards. Results: The overall seroprevalence of CMV in blood donors, posttransfused newborns (control), and the cohort group was high. In the blood donors, a limited number of CMV IgG avidity tests showed a high infectivity rate (85.19%). A similar result was also observed in the newborn population in both the groups for recent CMV infections. Conclusion: The present study showed a high prevalence of CMV infections in blood donors and newborns. The leukoreduced blood transfusion might be effective for preventing other serious adverse outcomes except CMV.

Prevalence of cytomegalovirus infections in blood donors and the newborn versus utility of leukocyte-reduced blood transfusion in the premature newborn: An observation from Eastern India

Clinical authorities need technological support aided with artificial intelligence for early diagnosis and slowing the spread of pandemic diseases. The outbreak of COVID-19 disease caused by the newly discovered SARS-CoV-2 virus was reported by the officials in Wuhan City, China, in December 2019. Since then the virus had a disrupting impact on the health of people accompanied by psychological, financial, and social distress. In this paper, a deep learning-based approach for early detection of COVID-19 has been proposed. Five deep neural network architectures have been trained through transfer learning based on the available X-ray and computed tomography image dataset. The chosen architectures have given quite promising results in terms of accuracy. Thus, the proposed experiment provides an efficient tool for the early detection of COVID-19.

Arijit Das

Papers

An Alternate Approach for Question Answering system in Bengali Language using Classification Techniques

Association Behavior of Mono, Di and Tri-hydric Alcohols with Three Carbon Skeleton in a Straight Chain

A comparative study of thiamine with metformin on fasting blood glucose of diabetic albino rats

Prevalence of cytomegalovirus infections in blood donors and the newborn versus utility of leukocyte-reduced blood transfusion in the premature newborn: An observation from Eastern India

Detection of COVID-19 Using Deep Transfer Learning-Based Approach from X-Ray and Computed Tomography(CT) Images