It is crucial to examine the dependence of photoelectric parameters of solar cells on the light incidence angle. In the present study, two solar cell models have been developed using the Sentaurus Technology Computer-Aided Design software package. The light spectrum AM1.5 has been directed on the frontal surface of solar cells at different angles. It has been found that the angular coefficient of the photoelectric parameters of a solar cell with nanoparticles included, is two times more than that of a simple solar cell. Besides, it has been found that the efficiency of platinum nanoparticles induced solar cells is 2.15 times greater than simple solar cell efficiency. When the light incidence angle has been varied from 0 to 60 degrees, the short-circuit current has changed by 11% for simple solar cells and by 10% for solar cells with nanoparticles. Further, it has been observed that the variation of power for simple solar cells is 12.5%, while it is 10.5% for solar cells with nanoparticles. In addition, the short-circuit current of solar cells with nanoparticles has been found to be linear within a light incidence angle ranging from 0 to 60 degrees.

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Studying the Effect of Light Incidence Angle on Photoelectric Parameters of Solar Cells by Simulation

Absorption enhancement of ultraviolet detector in plasmonic nanoparticles-decorated GaN/AlGaN nanostructures

A reversible color change of WO3 has been widely studied to develop new energy-saving technologies such as smart windows, rewritable paper, and information displays. A blue coloration arises from the intervalence charge transfer between W(VI) and W(V), which is partially formed by the reduction of WO3 under UV light or an applied voltage. This means that WO3 has a mixed-valence state of W(V) and W(VI) upon the reduction. However, despite many studies for various applications, how many W(V) atoms are formed and contribute to the intervalence charge transfer (IVCT) transition remains unclear because W(V) formed in WO3 cannot be determined quantitatively. We determined the amount of the photogenerated W(V) in an aqueous WO3 colloidal solution containing ethylene glycol (EG) by observing the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) peaks of Ag nanoparticles which were produced by a redox reaction between W(V) and Ag+. EG acted as a hole scavenger to suppress the recombination between the photogenerated holes and electrons. First, we explored the reaction condition where only the IVCT transition was observed under UV irradiation, and then it decreased in response to the increase in the LSPR peak in the dark. Under such a condition, the absorbance at 775 nm (A775) due to the IVCT transition was observed after the UV irradiation for 30 s, and the absorbance at 410 nm (A410) due to the LSPR absorption was obtained when A775 completely disappeared in the dark. Experiments were performed at various UV intensities to confirm a proportional relationship between A775 and A410. Electron spin resonance measurements revealed that A775 was proportional to the amount of W(V). Furthermore, Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by a polyol reduction method to obtain the relationship between the LSPR peak intensity and the Ag+ concentration, which was consumed for the formation of Ag. On the basis of all of these relationships, A775 of 1.669 corresponded to 2.53 × 10-4 mol dm-3 W(V), which was estimated to be only 0.21% of 0.12 mol dm-3 WO3 used in this study, and the molar absorption coefficient for the IVCT transition between W(V) and W(VI) was evaluated to be 6.85 × 103 dm3 mol-1 cm-1.

Determination of W(V) in WO3 Photochromism Using Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance of Ag Nanoparticles.

Ureteral damage during appendicectomy

Ureteric injuries, although uncommon, are a potential complication in pelvic and gynaecological surgeries and can have serious implications. The risk is mainly related to the complexity of the surgical procedure and the presence of eventual periureteric pathology. Ureteric injury during appendectomy is rare. The ureter may be damaged by laceration, being crushed, or thermal or ischaemic injury. The retrocaecal appendix, due to its proximity to the ureter, may also get accidentally injured. The most effective measure to prevent iatrogenic injury is to have a sound knowledge of abdominal and pelvic anatomy, meticulous surgical technique and an identification of factors that increase the likelihood of developing such complications.

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A case of ureteric injury postappendectomy presenting as ureterocutaneous fistula.

Effect of nanoparticle size to improvement in absorption in Plasmonic solar cell

In the last few years, plasmonics has attracted much attention and has been included in the principal domains of nanophotonics that can manage optical fields at the nanodimension level. Its exquisi...

Aritra Manna

Papers

Effect of nanoparticle size to improvement in absorption in Plasmonic solar cell

Effect of Surface Plasmon-Based Improvement in Optical Absorption in Plasmonic Solar Cell

Ureteral injury at appendicectomy--a case report.