https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.2307%2F3343168.pdf

Development as Freedom

Life cycle energy analysis of buildings: An overview

This review summarizes and organizes the literature on life cycle assessment (LCA), life cycle energy analysis (LCEA) and life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) studies carried out for environmental evaluation of buildings and building related industry and sector (including construction products, construction systems, buildings, and civil engineering constructions). The review shows that most LCA and LCEA are carried out in what is shown as “exemplary buildings”, that is, buildings that have been designed and constructed as low energy buildings, but there are very few studies on “traditional buildings”, that is, buildings such as those mostly found in our cities. Similarly, most studies are carried out in urban areas, while rural areas are not well represented in the literature. Finally, studies are not equally distributed around the world.

Life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle energy analysis (LCEA) of buildings and the building sector: A review

Review of passive PCM latent heat thermal energy storage systems towards buildings’ energy efficiency

Embodied energy of common and alternative building materials and technologies

Soil-cement blocks are used for the load bearing masonry of 2–3-story buildings. Flexural and shear strength of such walls greatly depend upon the bond strength between the block and the mortar. This paper deals with the methods of improving the shear-bond strength of soil-cement block masonry without altering the mortar characteristics and the influence of shear-bond strength on masonry compressive strength. Altering the texture of bed faces of the block, size and area of the frog, and certain surface coatings have been attempted to enhance the shear-bond strength. The results indicate that: (1) rough textured bed face of the blocks yields higher shear-bond strength than the plain surface; (2) use of fresh cement-slurry coating on the bed faces improves the shear-bond strength considerably; (3) no significant changes are noticed in the compressive strength and stress-strain characteristics of soil-cement block masonry due to changes in shear-bond strength; and (4) masonry has a higher straining capacity than that of the block and the mortar.

Enhancing Bond Strength and Characteristics of Soil-Cement Block Masonry

Stabilized mud blocks (SMBs) are manufactured by compacting a wetted mixture of soil, sand, and stabilizer in a machine into a high-density block. Such blocks are used for the construction of load-bearing masonry. Cement soil mortar is commonly used for SMB masonry. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation in characterizing the properties of SMB masonry using cement-soil mortars. The compressive strength, stress-strain relationships, and elastic properties of SMB masonry using three types of SMBs and cement-soil mortars are discussed. The influence of a cement-soil mortar's composition and strength on masonry characteristics is examined. The results of masonry using cement-soil mortars are compared with those using conventional mortars (cement mortar and cement-lime mortar). Some of the major findings are: (1) SMB masonry strength is sensitive to block strength and increases with increase in block strength; (2) the strength of SMB masonry using cement-soil mortars is more sensitive to the cement content of the mortar than to the clay fraction of the mortar mix; (3) the masonry modulus increases as the block strength increases; and (4) SMB masonry with cement-soil mortars shows higher modulus than the masonry using cement mortar and cement-lime mortar.

Strength and Elastic Properties of Stabilized Mud Block Masonry Using Cement-Soil Mortars

Low embodied energy cement stabilised rammed earth building—A case study

Steam-cured stabilised soil blocks for masonry construction

The aim of this study is to obtain the fracture characteristics of low and medium compressive strength self consolidating concrete (SCC) for notched and un-notched plain concrete beams by using work of fracture GF and size effect model Gf methods and comparing them with those of normal concrete and high performance concrete. The results show that; (i) with an increase in compressive strength, GF increases and Gf decreases; (ii) with an increase in depth of beam, the decrease in nominal stress of notched beam is more when compared with that of a notchless beam.

/pdf/size-effect-in-self-consolidating-concrete-beams-with-and-2jtexa1mql.pdf

B. V. Venkatarama Reddy

Papers

Enhancing Bond Strength and Characteristics of Soil-Cement Block Masonry

Strength and Elastic Properties of Stabilized Mud Block Masonry Using Cement-Soil Mortars

Low embodied energy cement stabilised rammed earth building—A case study

Steam-cured stabilised soil blocks for masonry construction

Size effect in self consolidating concrete beams with and without notches