https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/preview/1797952/1-s2.0-S0140673618322797-main.pdf

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

世界経済・社会統計 = World development indicators

XI. STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING DIABETES CARE D iabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and patient self-management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Diabetes care is complex and requires that many issues, beyond glycemic control, be addressed. A large body of evidence exists that supports a range of interventions to improve diabetes outcomes. These standards of care are intended to provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payors, and other interested individuals with the components of diabetes care, treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care. While individual preferences, comorbidities, and other patient factors may require modification of goals, targets that are desirable for most patients with diabetes are provided. These standards are not intended to preclude more extensive evaluation and management of the patient by other specialists as needed. For more detailed information, refer to Bode (Ed.): Medical Management of Type 1 Diabetes (1), Burant (Ed): Medical Management of Type 2 Diabetes (2), and Klingensmith (Ed): Intensive Diabetes Management (3). The recommendations included are diagnostic and therapeutic actions that are known or believed to favorably affect health outcomes of patients with diabetes. A grading system (Table 1), developed by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and modeled after existing methods, was utilized to clarify and codify the evidence that forms the basis for the recommendations. The level of evidence that supports each recommendation is listed after each recommendation using the letters A, B, C, or E.

Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes

https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/164632/2/01_Bin%2bSayeed_Global%252C_regional%252C_and_national_2018.pdf

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, andyears lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematicanalysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/ws/files/259213304/PIIS0140673620309259.pdf

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

OlympiAD was a phase 3 randomized controlled trial of a PARP inhibitor olaparib for metastatic HER2 negative breast cancer patients harboring a BRCA mutation. Although the OlympiAD trial met its primary endpoint, there are concerns regarding whether olaparib truly improves meaningful outcomes for these patients. In this editorial, I examine these issues in detail. An exploration of these issues will provide important educational insights for oncologists and cancer policy makers. I conclude that although olaparib seems to have won the Gold with OlympiAD, the patients probably have not. We need to stop celebrating a gold-plated bronze as a true gold so that one day our patients can finally get the gold they deserve.

/pdf/the-olympiad-trial-who-won-the-gold-4ooxt7snas.pdf

The OlympiAD trial: who won the gold?


 BackgroundRapidly growing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought unprecedented challenges to the health system in Nepal. The main objective of this study was to explore the characteristics and drivers of the health system preparedness towards COVID-19 and its impacts on frontline health care workers (HCWs) in Nepal.MethodsSemi-structured interviews (SSIs) were conducted among 32 HCWs who were involved in clinical care of COVID-19 patients and four policymakers who were responsible for COVID-19 control and management at central and provincial level. Participants were included from all seven provinces of Nepal. All SSIs were conducted through telephone or internet based tools such as Zoom and Skype. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed into English, and coded using inductive and deductive approaches.ResultsBoth HCWs and policymakers reported failure to initiate pre-emptive control measures at the early stages of the outbreak as the pivot in pandemic control. Although several measures were rolled out when cases started to appear, the overall health system preparedness was low. Specifically, there was inadequate personal protective equipment for HCWs, insufficient isolation beds for patients, poor coordination between the three tiers of governance, and poor engagement of the private sector. Additionally, HCWs experienced various degrees of stigma because of their profession and yet were able to maintain their motivation to continue working in the forefront.ConclusionThis study identified poor preparedness of the health system in the course of Nepal's COVID-19 response embedded in the governance. Specifically, the lack of human resources, inadequate logistic chain management and laboratory facilities for testing COVID-19 appeared to have jeopardized the health system preparedness and escalated the pandemic in Nepal. Despite the poor preparedness, and health and safety concerns, HCWs maintained their motivation. Urgent efforts are required to reform the governance and coordination mechanism in addition to incentivizing the HCWs for the current and future pandemics.

/pdf/health-system-preparedness-in-tackling-the-covid-19-in-nepal-x3t4as9ooo.pdf

Health System Preparedness in Tackling the COVID-19 in Nepal: a Qualitative Study Among Frontline Healthcare Workers and Policymakers

Although we have not yet agreed to an official definition of global oncology, one of the overarching themes of this emerging medical discipline is cancer control in lowand middle-income countries (LMICs), given that 65% of cancer deaths worldwide occur in these countries.1 Hence, to control the global cancer burden, it is important to address the burden of cancer in LMICs. However, it is also important to note that global oncology is not the concern of LMICs alone. Cancer respects no boundaries and neither should cancer control efforts.

https://ascopubs.org/doi/pdf/10.1200/JGO.17.00237

Bishal Gyawali

Papers

The OlympiAD trial: who won the gold?

Health System Preparedness in Tackling the COVID-19 in Nepal: a Qualitative Study Among Frontline Healthcare Workers and Policymakers

What Global Oncology Needs: Mutual Learning and More Funding.

Can locally developed me-too drugs aid price negotiation? An example of cancer therapies from China.

Nepal’s increasing burden of non communicable diseases and injuries, global burden of disease study 1990-2017