https://hull-repository.worktribe.com/preview/1797952/1-s2.0-S0140673618322797-main.pdf

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016

世界経済・社会統計 = World development indicators

XI. STRATEGIES FOR IMPROVING DIABETES CARE D iabetes is a chronic illness that requires continuing medical care and patient self-management education to prevent acute complications and to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Diabetes care is complex and requires that many issues, beyond glycemic control, be addressed. A large body of evidence exists that supports a range of interventions to improve diabetes outcomes. These standards of care are intended to provide clinicians, patients, researchers, payors, and other interested individuals with the components of diabetes care, treatment goals, and tools to evaluate the quality of care. While individual preferences, comorbidities, and other patient factors may require modification of goals, targets that are desirable for most patients with diabetes are provided. These standards are not intended to preclude more extensive evaluation and management of the patient by other specialists as needed. For more detailed information, refer to Bode (Ed.): Medical Management of Type 1 Diabetes (1), Burant (Ed): Medical Management of Type 2 Diabetes (2), and Klingensmith (Ed): Intensive Diabetes Management (3). The recommendations included are diagnostic and therapeutic actions that are known or believed to favorably affect health outcomes of patients with diabetes. A grading system (Table 1), developed by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and modeled after existing methods, was utilized to clarify and codify the evidence that forms the basis for the recommendations. The level of evidence that supports each recommendation is listed after each recommendation using the letters A, B, C, or E.

Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes

https://openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au/bitstream/1885/164632/2/01_Bin%2bSayeed_Global%252C_regional%252C_and_national_2018.pdf

Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, andyears lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for195 countries and territories, 1990–2017: a systematicanalysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/ws/files/259213304/PIIS0140673620309259.pdf

Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

BACKGROUND\nCervical cancer continues to be a global public health concern and a leading cause of cancer deaths among Nepalese women. In spite of the availability of screening and treatment services in Nepal, the utilization of screening has been low. This study investigated knowledge, attitude, preventive practices and utilization of cervical cancer screening among women in a semi-urban area of Pokhara Metropolitan City of Nepal.\n\n\nMETHODS\nA community-based cross-sectional survey was carried out among 729 women 30-60 years of age, between April and June 2019. Participants were selected by systematic random sampling, and a door-to-door home visit was conducted for data collection. A pretested interviewer-administered Nepali questionnaire was used to collect information on sociodemographic variables, knowledge, attitude and preventive practices regarding cervical cancer screening.\n\n\nRESULTS\nThe mean age of the participants was 45.9 years (SD ±7.7); the majority were married (86.7%). Among the participants, 44.9% were ever screened for cervical cancer. However, only 10.4% of participants received timely repeated screening for cervical cancer. The median knowledge score achieved by participants was 2.0 [interquartile range (IQR) 1-4] on a scale of maximum score 36, the median attitude score was 31.0 (IQR 29-32) on a scale of 40 and the median preventive practice score was 3.0 (IQR 3-4) on a scale of five.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\nThis study showed low knowledge and low utilization of cervical cancer screening among women in Nepal. We recommend a community-based educational intervention to educate and empower women to increase knowledge and utilization of cervical cancer screening.

Knowledge, attitude, preventive practices and utilization of cervical cancer screening among women in Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional study

Key Points Question Can information theoretic network meta-analysis (IT-NMA) rank the estimated efficacy of regimens for hormone receptor–positive, ERBB2-negative metastatic breast cancer (HR-positive, ERBB2-negative MBC)? Findings In this network meta-analysis study, a combination of targeted and endocrine therapy, ie, letrozole and palbociclib, had the highest ranking. Rarely used regimens’ rank scores gravitated to indeterminacy, while monotherapies that compared unfavorably with novel agents or combinations in recent trials, such as anastrozole, had low rankings. Meaning In this study, combination therapies were ranked more highly than monotherapies for treating HR-positive, ERBB2-negative MBC.

/pdf/evaluation-of-information-theoretic-network-meta-analysis-to-53bv7gv1.pdf

Evaluation of Information Theoretic Network Meta-analysis to Rank First-Line Anticancer Regimens for Hormone Receptor–Positive, ERBB2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer

Aumolertinib in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer: Will the Promise of Cost Disruption Ease Access?

TO THE EDITOR: In a recent issue of Journal of Clinical Oncology, the study by Cheng et al was interesting because it showed that first-line therapy with pemetrexed plus gefitinib significantly improved progression-free survival (PFS) compared with gefitinib alone in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) –mutation positive advanced nonsquamous non–small-cell lung cancer. The Kaplan-Meier curves for PFS overlapped during the first 7 to 8 months and subsequently started to diverge. The coinciding curves at the beginning showed that the addition of pemetrexed did not provide any synergistic or additive benefit. The subsequent divergence at later time points implies that the beneficial effect on PFS was attributed solely to pemetrexed. The similar high response rates in both arms are comparable to those obtained in a previous study of EGFR-mutation–positive advanced-stage non–small-cell lung cancer treated with singleagent EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapy, suggesting that gefitinib in the study by Cheng et al had extremely dominant activity, irrespective of the combination with pemetrexed. Hence, we believe it is not the combination per se that provided the PFS gains. The antitumor effects seen in the combination arm after the divergence of the curves could simply reflect the effect of pemetrexed alone. Given that the combination is associated with a substantial increase in toxicity and that the development of drug resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors is nearly unavoidable after several months, we believe that the difference in PFS in this study suggests that sequential treatment with pemetrexed after the development of resistance to gefitinib is more effective than concurrent treatment with gefitinib plus pemetrexed. It would be interesting to have access to the overall survival data from this study because most patients in the gefitinib monotherapy group who had disease progression probably received second-line chemotherapy (as most likely did those in the pemetrexed plus gefitinib group). Access to the overall survival data would allow us to determine whether there was a difference in overall survival between the treatment groups.

Unconvincing Benefit of Combination Therapy With Gefitinib and Pemetrexed in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

Panagiotis Karagiannis Winfried Alsdorf Ann-Christin Tallarek Martin E. Blohm Jennyfer Oelrich Jonas S. Waizenegger Christine Wolschke Kurt Hecher Dominique Singer Carsten Bokemeyer Walter Fiedler Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf and Division of Neonatology and Paediatric Intensive Care, University Children’s Hospital, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. E-mail: p.karagiannis@uke.de

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/bjh.17226

Bishal Gyawali

Papers

Knowledge, attitude, preventive practices and utilization of cervical cancer screening among women in Nepal: a community-based cross-sectional study

Evaluation of Information Theoretic Network Meta-analysis to Rank First-Line Anticancer Regimens for Hormone Receptor–Positive, ERBB2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer

Aumolertinib in EGFR-Mutant Lung Cancer: Will the Promise of Cost Disruption Ease Access?

Unconvincing Benefit of Combination Therapy With Gefitinib and Pemetrexed in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

The need for locally generated data in haematology: a real-world experience of aplastic anaemia in Nepal.