The field of nanofluids has received interesting attention since the concept of dispersing nanoscaled particles into a fluid was first introduced in the later part of the twentieth century This is evident from the increased number of studies related to nanofluids published annually The increasing attention on nanofluids is primarily due to their enhanced thermophysical properties and their ability to be incorporated into a wide range of thermal applications ranging from enhancing the effectiveness of heat exchangers used in industries to solar energy harvesting for renewable energy production Owing to the increasing number of studies relating to nanofluids, there is a need for a holistic review of the progress and steps taken in 2019 concerning their application in heat transfer devices This review takes a retrospective look at the year 2019 by reviewing the progress made in the area of nanofluids preparation and the applications of nanofluids in various heat transfer devices such as solar collectors, heat exchangers, refrigeration systems, radiators, thermal storage systems and electronic cooling This review aims to update readers on recent progress while also highlighting the challenges and future of nanofluids as the next-generation heat transfer fluids Finally, a conclusion on the merits and demerits of nanofluids is presented along with recommendations for future studies that would mobilise the rapid commercialisation of nanofluids

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An updated review of nanofluids in various heat transfer devices

The objective of the present study is to scrutinize the influence of a binary blend of diesel–safflower oil biodiesel and ternary blends of diesel–biodiesel–pentanol on performance, emission and combustion characteristics of a diesel power generator. The test fuels were prepared on volume basis by splash blending and named as follows: B20, B20P5, B20P10, B20P15, and B20P20. The tests were carried out on a single-cylinder, four-stroke, naturally aspirated, and direct-injection diesel engine at four engine loads with a constant engine speed of 3000 rpm. According to the results, ternary blends vaguely reduced BTE while increased BSFC up to 13.90% as compared to diesel. In addition, an increase in pentanol concentration has a considerable effect on the decrease in NOX emissions. It is noted that the addition of pentanol to diesel–biodiesel blend caused to lower emissions (CO, HC, and smoke), whereas CO2 emission increased noticeably thanks to the more complete combustion due to the excess oxygen content. Reviewing combustion analysis results, pentanol addition led to decrease heat release rate and lower ignition delay up to 15% blend ratio compared to diesel. Based on the present study, pentanol can be evaluated as a promising type of higher alcohol for the compression ignition engines in the near future.

The performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics of an unmodified diesel engine running on the ternary blends of pentanol/safflower oil biodiesel/diesel fuel

This work examines the effect of butanol (higher alcohol) on the emission pattern of neat neem oil biodiesel (NBD100) fueled diesel engine. Single-cylinder, 4-stroke, research diesel engine was emp...

Emission study of a diesel engine fueled with higher alcohol-biodiesel blended fuels

Numerical and experimental evaluation on the pooled effect of waste cooking oil biodiesel/diesel blends and exhaust gas recirculation in a twin-cylinder diesel engine

In the present work, a series of experiments were designed and conducted to prepare biodiesel from cottonseed oil and to blend it with octanol.
The thermal and mass transfer characteristics of the biodiesel were further improved by adding functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs).
The performance of the engine with the blended fuel was analyzed through characterization and measurement of the gas emissions from the engine. Four blends of cottonseed oil (B20, B40, B60, and B100) were prepared initially, and each blend was added with octanol additive of 5%, 10%, and 15% together with 3% of functionalized MWCNTs by mass. The performance analysis showed that B20 with 5%, 10%, and 15% octanol represented relatively lower brake specific fuel consumption relative to all test fuels. Likewise, the addition of MWCNT nanoparticle further stabilized the rate of fuel consumption and brake thermal efficiency. It was also identified that at larger values of diesel and biodiesel blends, the performance and also the quantity of gas emission were the same.

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Investigation on the effect of cottonseed oil blended with different percentages of octanol and suspended MWCNT nanoparticles on diesel engine characteristics

The performance of the refrigeration system can be improved by means of employing Nano refrigerants by dispersing Nanoparticles. In the present study, CuO, ZnO and Al2O3 nanoparticles have been syn...

Energy conservation in the refrigeration system through improvement of Coefficient of Performance and power consumption reduction using Nanofluids

Characterization and effect of Moringa Oleifera Lam. antioxidant additive on the storage stability of Jatropha biodiesel

The present work investigates the effect of using TiO2 Nanoparticles at a different proportion of Azolla algae methyl ester, in a four-stroke single cylinder diesel engine. Biodiesel can be obtaine...

Performance and emission analysis of methyl ester of Azolla algae with TiO2 Nano additive for diesel engine

As the demand for fossil fuels has increased tremendously, cooking oil is found to be an effective source of biodiesel, but storage problems and NOX emissions are the major disadvantages. The current study discusses the effect of natural antioxidant additive Basil on the performance, emission and combustion characteristics of used cooking oil biodiesel in a diesel engine. The Basil powder prepared has been characterized through scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, energy-dispersive spectrum and CHNS analysis. Thermal analysis of the prepared Basil particles has been carried out by employing thermal gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The addition of ethanol extracts of the antioxidant increased the oxidation stability measured in terms of the induction period of the biodiesel. The DPPH scavenging activity for the Basil extract increased with concentration, which represents the antioxidant characteristics. The composition of fatty acid and fuel properties of the prepared biodiesel have been determined by means of gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The antioxidant was added to used cooking oil blend (UCOME20) at a concentration of 500, 1000 and 1500 ppm for which the stability has been determined using zeta potential. The results show that brake thermal efficiency and brake-specific fuel consumption reduced with the addition of antioxidants. NOx emission decreases, whereas hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and smoke emissions increase. Also, maximum cylinder pressure and heat release rate decreased with the addition of Basil antioxidant to UCOME blend when compared to UCOME20.

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Effect of Basil antioxidant additive on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of used cooking oil biodiesel in CI engine

Increased NOx emission from usage of biodiesel is a burning issue to be dealt with. Many techniques have been adopted to reduce NOx emissions from diesel engines. The present experimental study dea...

Bose Narayanasamy

Papers

Energy conservation in the refrigeration system through improvement of Coefficient of Performance and power consumption reduction using Nanofluids

Characterization and effect of Moringa Oleifera Lam. antioxidant additive on the storage stability of Jatropha biodiesel

Performance and emission analysis of methyl ester of Azolla algae with TiO2 Nano additive for diesel engine

Effect of Basil antioxidant additive on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of used cooking oil biodiesel in CI engine

Clove as antioxidant additive in diesel–biodiesel fuel blends in diesel engines