Bridget C. Murphy

TL;DR: Examination of internalizing and externalizing problem behaviors of 55- to 97-month-olds suggests that emotion and regulation are associated with adjustment in systematic ways and that there is an important difference between effortful control and less voluntary modes of control.

TL;DR: Emotion-focused and problem-focused maternal reactions were associated with boys' children's comforting behavior, although a moderate level of maternal encouragement of the expression of emotion was associated with quality of girls' comforting.

TL;DR: The data supported the predictions, although the findings for parent reports of problem behavior were primarily for boys, and vagal tone, a marker of physiological regulation, was positively related to competent social functioning and emotionality/regulation for Boys, but inversely related for girls.

TL;DR: Relations between self-reported parental reactions to children's negative emotions (PNRs) and children's socially appropriate/problem behavior and negative emotionality were examined longitudinally, consistent with the conclusion that relations between children's externalizing (but not internalizing) emotion and parental punitive reactions to parents' negative emotions are bidirectional.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relation of kindergartners' to 2nd graders' dispositional sympathy to individual differences in emotionality, regulation, and social functioning was examined, and it was associated with relatively high levels of regulation, teacher-reported positive emotionality and general emotional intensity, and especially for boys, high social functioning and low levels of negative emotionality.