Bruce W. Stening

TL;DR: The authors made an examination of the response sets of a total of 1647 expatriate and local managers from nine countries who were respondents to a study of stereotyping undertaken in American, British, and Japanese firms in Singapore, and in British, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand.

TL;DR: In this paper, an examination of literature bearing on the matter of misunderstandings between persons engaged in cross-cultural relationships is undertaken, and the dimensions of the problem are outlined using the following sub-headings: subjective culture and social construction of reality; intercultural communication; stereotyping, ethnocentrism, and prejudice; time factor; cultural distance; personality; and contact and attitudes.

TL;DR: This paper examined the degree to which expatriate managers' adaptational difficulties in a foreign culture are influenced by the cultural patterns they encounter in the host country vis-a-vis the culturally learned patterns expatriates carry with them as members of their home cultures.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address some fundamental methodological issues confronting management researchers undertaking research in China, including cultural factors that might impact on what is a researchable question, sampling issues, difficulties in developing valid research instruments, problems pertaining to data collection, and the challenges of data interpretation.

TL;DR: This article conducted empirical tests using survey data collected from outward-investing Chinese firms and found that the cost advantage of the investing firm and learning opportunities in the host industry have positive effects on the likelihood of a Chinese firm opting for wholly owned subsidiary against joint-venture entry mode.