J. Appl. Cryst.の発刊に際して

/pdf/self-assembled-monolayers-of-thiolates-on-metals-as-a-form-1neb0hj3k4.pdf

Self-assembled monolayers of thiolates on metals as a form of nanotechnology.

Organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) have lived to see great improvements in recent years. This review presents new insight into conduction mechanisms and performance characteristics, as well as opportunities for modeling properties of OTFTs. The shifted focus in research from novel chemical structures to fabrication technologies that optimize morphology and structural order is underscored by chapters on vacuum-deposited and solution-processed organic semiconducting films. Finally, progress in the growing field of the n-type OTFTs is discussed in ample detail. The Figure, showing a pentacene film edge on SiO2, illustrates the morphology issue.

Organic Thin Film Transistors for Large Area Electronics

Nanocrystals (NCs) discussed in this Review are tiny crystals of metals, semiconductors, and magnetic material consisting of hundreds to a few thousand atoms each. Their size ranges from 2-3 to about 20 nm. What is special about this size regime that placed NCs among the hottest research topics of the last decades? The quantum mechanical coupling * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dvtalapin@uchicago.edu. † The University of Chicago. ‡ Argonne National Lab. Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 389–458 389

/pdf/prospects-of-colloidal-nanocrystals-for-electronic-and-3dxpyhl3r7.pdf

Prospects of Colloidal Nanocrystals for Electronic and Optoelectronic Applications

-phenylenevinylene)s L4. Fluorene-Based Conjugated Polymers L4.1. Fluorene-Based Copolymers ContainingElectron-Rich MoietiesM4.2. Fluorene-Based Copolymers ContainingElectron-Deﬁcient MoietiesN4.3. Fluorene-Based Copolymers ContainingPhosphorescent ComplexesQ5. Carbazole-Based Conjugated Polymers R5.1. Poly(2,7-carbazole)-Based Polymers R5.2. Indolo[3,2-

https://ir.nctu.edu.tw:443/bitstream/11536/6508/1/000271856900020.pdf

Synthesis of Conjugated Polymers for Organic Solar Cell Applications

The development of new organic semiconductors with improved performance in organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) is a major challenge for materials chemists. There is a particular need to develop air-stable n-channel (electron-conducting) organic semiconductors with performance comparable to that of p-channel (hole-conducting) materials, for organic electronics to realize the benefits of complementary circuit design, i.e., the ability to switch transistors with either positive or negative gate voltages. There have been significant advancements in the past five years. In terms of standard OTFT metrics such as the field effect mobility (μFET) and on-to-off current ratio (ION/IOFF), n-channel OTFTs have achieved performance comparable both to that of n-channel amorphous silicon TFTs and to that of the best reported p-channel (hole-conducting) OTFTs; however, issues of device stability linger. This review provides a detailed introduction to OTFTs, summarizes recent progress in the development of new n-channel...

Introduction to Organic Thin Film Transistors and Design of n-Channel Organic Semiconductors

An important strategy for realizing flexible electronics is to use solution-processable materials that can be directly printed and integrated into high-performance electronic components on plastic. Although examples of functional inks based on metallic, semiconducting and insulating materials have been developed, enhanced printability and performance is still a challenge. Printable high-capacitance dielectrics that serve as gate insulators in organic thin-film transistors are a particular priority. Solid polymer electrolytes (a salt dissolved in a polymer matrix) have been investigated for this purpose, but they suffer from slow polarization response, limiting transistor speed to less than 100 Hz. Here, we demonstrate that an emerging class of polymer electrolytes known as ion gels can serve as printable, high-capacitance gate insulators in organic thin-film transistors. The specific capacitance exceeds that of conventional ceramic or polymeric gate dielectrics, enabling transistor operation at low voltages with kilohertz switching frequencies.

Printable ion-gel gate dielectrics for low-voltage polymer thin-film transistors on plastic

Mapping the spatial arrangement of chemical functional groups and their interactions is of significant importance to problems ranging from lubrication and adhesion to recognition in biological systems. A force microscope has been used to measure the adhesive and friction forces between molecularly modified probe tips and organic monolayers terminating in a lithographically defined pattern of distinct functional groups. The adhesive interactions between simple CH(3)/CH(3), CH(3)/COOH, and COOH/COOH functional groups correlate directly with friction images of sample surfaces patterned with these groups. Thus, by monitoring the friction between a specifically functionalized tip and sample, one can produce friction images that display predictable contrast and correspond to the spatial distribution of functional groups on the sample surface. Applications of this chemically sensitive imaging technique are discussed.

https://science.sciencemag.org/content/sci/265/5181/2071.full.pdf

Functional Group Imaging by Chemical Force Microscopy

We compile, compare, and discuss experimental results on low bias, room-temperature currents through orgnaic molecules obtained in different electrode-molecule-electrode test-beds. Currents are normalized to single-molecule values for comparison and are quoted at 0.2 and 0.5 V junction bias. Emphasis is on currents through saturated alkane chains where many comparable measurements have been reported, but comparison to conjugated molecules is also made. We discuss factors that affect the magnitude of the measured current, such as tunneling attenuation factor, molecular energy gap and conformation, molecule/electrode contacts, and electrode material.

Comparison of Electronic Transport Measurements on Organic Molecules

Here we summarize recent progress in the development of electrolyte-gated transistors (EGTs) for organic and printed electronics. EGTs employ a high capacitance electrolyte as the gate insulator; the high capacitance increases drive current, lowers operating voltages, and enables new transistor architectures. Although the use of electrolytes in electronics is an old concept going back to the early days of the silicon transistor, new printable, fast-response polymer electrolytes are expanding the potential applications of EGTs in flexible, printed digital circuits, rollable displays, and conformal bioelectronic sensors. This report introduces the structure and operation mechanisms of EGTs and reviews key developments in electrolyte materials for use in printed electronics. The bulk of the article is devoted to electrical characterization of EGTs and emerging applications.

C. Daniel Frisbie

Papers

Introduction to Organic Thin Film Transistors and Design of n-Channel Organic Semiconductors

Printable ion-gel gate dielectrics for low-voltage polymer thin-film transistors on plastic

Functional Group Imaging by Chemical Force Microscopy

Comparison of Electronic Transport Measurements on Organic Molecules

Electrolyte-gated transistors for organic and printed electronics