This paper provides an overview of the Internet of Things (IoT) with emphasis on enabling technologies, protocols, and application issues. The IoT is enabled by the latest developments in RFID, smart sensors, communication technologies, and Internet protocols. The basic premise is to have smart sensors collaborate directly without human involvement to deliver a new class of applications. The current revolution in Internet, mobile, and machine-to-machine (M2M) technologies can be seen as the first phase of the IoT. In the coming years, the IoT is expected to bridge diverse technologies to enable new applications by connecting physical objects together in support of intelligent decision making. This paper starts by providing a horizontal overview of the IoT. Then, we give an overview of some technical details that pertain to the IoT enabling technologies, protocols, and applications. Compared to other survey papers in the field, our objective is to provide a more thorough summary of the most relevant protocols and application issues to enable researchers and application developers to get up to speed quickly on how the different protocols fit together to deliver desired functionalities without having to go through RFCs and the standards specifications. We also provide an overview of some of the key IoT challenges presented in the recent literature and provide a summary of related research work. Moreover, we explore the relation between the IoT and other emerging technologies including big data analytics and cloud and fog computing. We also present the need for better horizontal integration among IoT services. Finally, we present detailed service use-cases to illustrate how the different protocols presented in the paper fit together to deliver desired IoT services.

Internet of Things: A Survey on Enabling Technologies, Protocols, and Applications

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is an emergent architecture where cloud computing services are extended to the edge of networks leveraging mobile base stations. As a promising edge technology, it can be applied to mobile, wireless, and wireline scenarios, using software and hardware platforms, located at the network edge in the vicinity of end-users. MEC provides seamless integration of multiple application service providers and vendors toward mobile subscribers, enterprises, and other vertical segments. It is an important component in the 5G architecture which supports variety of innovative applications and services where ultralow latency is required. This paper is aimed to present a comprehensive survey of relevant research and technological developments in the area of MEC. It provides the definition of MEC, its advantages, architectures, and application areas; where we in particular highlight related research and future directions. Finally, security and privacy issues and related existing solutions are also discussed.

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Mobile Edge Computing: A Survey

Intelligent Manufacturing in the Context of Industry 4.0: A Review

There has been significant interest and progress in the field of vehicular ad hoc networks over the last several years. VANETs comprise vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure communications based on wireless local area network technologies. The distinctive set of candidate applications (e.g., collision warning and local traffic information for drivers), resources (licensed spectrum, rechargeable power source), and the environment (e.g., vehicular traffic flow patterns, privacy concerns) make the VANET a unique area of wireless communication. This article gives an overview of the field, providing motivations, challenges, and a snapshot of proposed solutions.

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A tutorial survey on vehicular ad hoc networks

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) represent complex distributed systems that comprise wireless mobile nodes that can freely and dynamically self-organize into arbitrary and temporary, ‘‘ad-hoc’’ network topologies, allowing people and devices to seamlessly internetwork in areas with no pre-existing communication infrastructure, e.g., disaster recovery environments. Ad hoc networking concept is not a new one, having been around in various forms for over 20 years. Traditionally, tactical networks have been the only communication networking application that followed the ad hoc paradigm. Recently, the introduction of new technologies such as the Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11 and Hyperlan are helping enable eventual commercial MANET deployments outside the military domain. These recent evolutions have been generating a renewed and growing interest in the research and development of MANET. This paper attempts to provide a comprehensive overview of this dynamic field. It first explains the important role that mobile ad hoc networks play in the evolution of future wireless technologies. Then, it reviews the latest research activities in these areas, including a summary of MANETs characteristics, capabilities, applications, and design constraints. The paper concludes by presenting a set of challenges and problems requiring further research in the future. � 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Mobile ad hoc networking: imperatives and challenges

An Ontology to Semantically Annotate the Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Device Measurements

Pourquoi développer de telles plate-formes radio, temps réel, reconfigurables ? D’une part l'utilisation d’une technologie de radio logicielle permet de conserver des coûts d’équipements raisonnables, car principalement basés sur des équipements peu chers tels que des micro-ordinateurs PC. D’autre part, cela fournit un moyen idéal pour mener des expérimentations en vraie grandeur d’un système radio mobile . Enfin, ces plate-formes sont utilisées pour valider des avancées théoriques, que ce soit en traitement du signal, en stratégie d’allocation de ressources ou dans le domaine des réseaux, en particulier dans le domaine très prometteur des réseaux sans fil post 3G (Beyond-3G ou B3G en anglais). On peut citer par exemple :

Une plate-forme radio logicielle UMTS-TDD

Edge computing is one of the key technology of the last decade, enabling several emerging services beyond 5G (e.g., autonomous driving, robotic networks, Augmented Reality (AR)) requiring high availability and low latency communications. While in cloud native paradigm, highly embraced by cloud providers, network functions and applications are decomposed into microservices run in a container. Defacto container orchestration engine, namely Kubernetes, deploys multiple containers inside a pod. The mapping between microservices and pod highly affects the availability and latency of deployed microservices and hence the run application. In this paper, we propose novel availability and latency-aware deployment models for an edge service composed of multiple applications designed as multiple microservices. The two considered deployments are analyzed and evaluated using experimentation and an analytical model, considering critical performance criteria for edge-oriented services, like availability and latency requirements.

Availability and Latency Aware Deployment of Cloud Native Edge Slices

Ensuring adequate security features for the Inter-net of Things (IoT) Platforms is often challenging. This paper focuses mechanisms to engineer authentication, authorization, and trust among the IoT Platform elements. JSON Web Token (JWT) based authentication and authorization are described. Trust is established by mutual certificate based authentication. We have shown how these security features have been incorporated in the EURECOM IoT Platform.

Securing IoT Platforms

The cross-layer design approach is an important concept in mobile ad-hoc networks which is adopted to solve several open issues. It aims to overcome MANET performance problems by allowing protocols belonging to different layers to cooperate and share network status informations while still maintaining separated layers. While cross-layer model could enhance the performance of the applications and achieve better QoS support, there is a lot of proposed models that have to be compared and optimized. In this paper, we investigate the different requirements to achieve a good cooperation. Then, we compare two cross -layer models dealing with delay sensitive application constraints and stability issues in MANET. The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the proposals is strongly depending on the selective shared parameters.

Christian Bonnet

Papers

An Ontology to Semantically Annotate the Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Device Measurements

Une plate-forme radio logicielle UMTS-TDD

Availability and Latency Aware Deployment of Cloud Native Edge Slices

Securing IoT Platforms

Achieving a good trade-off between complexity and enhancement in cross-layer architectures.