计量经济分析 = Econometric analysis

1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Detecting Influential Observations and Outliers. 3. Detecting and Assessing Collinearity. 4. Applications and Remedies. 5. Research Issues and Directions for Extensions. Bibliography. Author Index. Subject Index.

Regression Diagnostics: Identifying Influential Data and Sources of Collinearity

2 1 The innovative transport systems and the CityMobil project 10 1.1 The research questions 10 2 The state of art in the field of automatic transport systems 12 2.1 Case studies and demand studies for innovative transport systems 12 3 The design and implementation of surveys 14 3.1 Definition of experimental design 14 3.2 Questionnaire design and delivery 16 3.3 First analyses on the collected sample 18 4 Calibration of Logit Multionomial demand models 21 4.1 Methodology 21 4.2 Calibration of the “full” model. 22 4.3 Calibration of the “final” model 24 4.4 The demand analysis through the final Multinomial Logit model 25 5 The analysis of interaction between the demand and socioeconomic attributes 31 5.1 Methodology 31 5.2 Application of Mixed Logit models to the demand 31 5.3 Analysis of the interactions between demand and socioeconomic attributes through Mixed Logit models 32 5.4 Mixed Logit model and interaction between age and the demand for the CTS 38 5.5 Demand analysis with Mixed Logit model 39 6 Final analyses and conclusions 45 6.1 Comparison between the results of the analyses 45 6.2 Conclusions 48 6.3 Answers to the research questions and future developments 52

The European commission

Men and Women of the Corporation

Business Cycles: A Theoretical, Historical, and Statistical Analysis of the Capitalist Process.

The deregulation of financial services in the European Union, together with the establishment of the Economic and Monetary Union, aimed at the creation of a level-playing-field in the provision of banking services across the EU. The plan was to remove entry barriers and to foster competition and efficiency in national banking markets. However, one of the effects of the regulatory changes was to spur a trend towards consolidation, resulting in the recent wave of mergers and acquisitions. To investigate the impact of increased consolidation on the competitive conditions of EU banking markets, we employ both structural concentration ratios) and non-structural (Panzar-Rosse statistic) concentration measures. Using bank level balance sheet data for the major EU banking markets, in a period following the introduction of the Single Banking License (1997-2003), this paper also investigates the factors that may influence the competitive conditions. Specifically, we control for differences in efficiency estimates, structural conditions and institutional characteristics. The results seem to suggest that the degree of concentration is not necessarily related to the degree of competition. We also find little evidence that more efficient banking systems are also more competitive. The relationship between competition and efficiency is not a straightforward one: increased competition has forced banks to become more efficient but increased efficiency is not resulting in more competitive EU banking systems.

Bank Competition, Concentration and Efficiency in the Single European Market

This paper compares parametric and non-parametric estimates of productivity change in European banking between 1994 and 2000. Productivity change has also been further decomposed into technological change, or change in best practice, and efficiency change. Both the parametric and non-parametric approaches consistently identify those systems that have benefited most (and least) from productivity change during the 1990s. The results also suggest that (where found) productivity growth has mainly been brought about by improvements in technological change and there does not appear to have been `catch-up' by non-best-practice institutions. Competing methodologies sometimes identify conflicting findings for the sources of productivity for individual years. However, the two approaches generally do not yield markedly different results in terms of identifying the components of productivity growth in European banking during the 1990s.

Productivity change in European banking: A comparison of parametric and non-parametric approaches

This study investigates the main determinants of Italian banks’ cost efficiency over the period 1993–1996, by employing a Fourier-flexible stochastic cost frontier in order to measure X-efficiencies and economies of scale. Quality and riskiness of bank outputs are explicitly accounted for in the cost function and their impact on cost efficiency levels is evaluated. The results show that mean X-inefficiencies range between 13 and 15 per cent of total costs and they tend to decrease over time for all bank sizes. Economies of scale appear present and significant, being especially high for popular and credit co-operative banks. Moreover, the inclusion of risk and output quality variables in the cost function seems to reduce the significance of the scale economy estimates. Following Spong et al. (1995) a profitability test is undertaken that allows for the identification of banks that are both cost and profit efficient. The results suggest that the most efficient and profitable institutions are more able to co...

Analysing the determinants of bank efficiency: the case of Italian banks

The deregulation of financial services in the European Union (EU), together with the establishment of the Economic and Monetary Union, aimed at the creation of a level playing-field in the provision of banking services across the EU The plan was to remove entry barriers and to foster both competition and efficiency in national banking markets However, one of the effects of the regulatory changes was to spur a trend towards consolidation, resulting in the recent wave of mergers and acquisitions To investigate the impact of increased consolidation on the competitive conditions of the EU banking markets, we employ both structural (concentration ratios) and non-structural (Panzar–Rosse statistic) concentration measures Using bank-level balance sheet data for the major EU banking markets, in a period following the introduction of the Single Banking Licence (1997–2003), this paper also investigates the factors that may influence the competitive conditions Specifically, we control for differences in efficiency estimates, structural conditions and institutional characteristics The results seem to suggest that the degree of concentration is not necessarily related to the degree of competition We also find little evidence that more efficient banking systems are also more competitive The relationship between competition and efficiency is not a straightforward one: increased competition has forced banks to become more efficient but increased efficiency does not seem to be fostering more competitive EU banking systems

Claudia Girardone

Papers

Bank Competition, Concentration and Efficiency in the Single European Market

Productivity change in European banking: A comparison of parametric and non-parametric approaches

Analysing the determinants of bank efficiency: the case of Italian banks

Bank competition, concentration and efficiency in the single european market*

Bank supervision, regulation, and efficiency: evidence from the European Union