Daniel M. Kammen

TL;DR: This article evaluated six representative analyses of fuel ethanol and found that current corn ethanol technologies are much less petroleum-intensive than gasoline but have greenhouse gas emissions similar to those of gasoline, and that large-scale use of ethanol for fuel will almost certainly require cellulosic technology.

TL;DR: It is already clear that large-scale use of ethanol for fuel will almost certainly require cellulosic technology and new metrics that measure specific resource inputs are developed, but further research into environmental metrics is needed.

TL;DR: A roadmap emphasizing low-cost alternatives that could become a dominant new approach for photovoltaics research and deployment is developed and it is found that devices performing below 10% power conversion efficiencies deliver the same lifetime energy output as those above 20% when a 3/4 material reduction is achieved.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluate the energy ladder model of stove and fuel management in rural households and show that an alternate "multiple fuel" model based on the observed pattern of household accumulation of energy options, rather than the simple progression depicted in the traditional energy ladder scenario, more accurately depicts cooking fuel use patterns.

TL;DR: In this article, a two-factor model that integrates the value of investment in materials innovation and technology deployment over time from an empirical dataset covering battery storage technology is presented, and a viable path to dispatchable US$1W−1 solar with US$100kWh−1 battery storage is charted.