The number of devices on the Internet exceeded the number of people on the Internet in 2008, and is estimated to reach 50 billion in 2020. A wide-ranging Internet of Things (IOT) ecosystem is emerging to support the process of connecting real-world objects like buildings, roads, household appliances, and human bodies to the Internet via sensors and microprocessor chips that record and transmit data such as sound waves, temperature, movement, and other variables. The explosion in Internet-connected sensors means that new classes of technical capability and application are being created. More granular 24/7 quantified monitoring is leading to a deeper understanding of the internal and external worlds encountered by humans. New data literacy behaviors such as correlation assessment, anomaly detection, and high-frequency data processing are developing as humans adapt to the different kinds of data flows enabled by the IOT. The IOT ecosystem has four critical functional steps: data creation, information generation, meaning-making, and action-taking. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the current and rapidly emerging ecosystem of the Internet of Things (IOT).

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Sensor Mania! The Internet of Things, Wearable Computing, Objective Metrics, and the Quantified Self 2.0

http://www.climateknowledge.org/heat_waves/Doc4002_Harlan_Microclimates_Vulnerabilty_Heat_SocSciMed_2006.pdf

Neighborhood microclimates and vulnerability to heat stress

The Global Energy Assessment (GEA) brings together over 300 international researchers to provide an independent, scientifically based, integrated and policy-relevant analysis of current and emerging energy issues and options. It has been peer-reviewed anonymously by an additional 200 international experts. The GEA assesses the major global challenges for sustainable development and their linkages to energy; the technologies and resources available for providing energy services; future energy systems that address the major challenges; and the policies and other measures that are needed to realize transformational change toward sustainable energy futures. The GEA goes beyond existing studies on energy issues by presenting a comprehensive and integrated analysis of energy chalenges, opportunities and strategies, for developing, industrialized and emerging economies. This volume is a invaluable resource for energy specialists and technologists in all sectors (academia, industry and government) as well as policymakers, development economists and practitioners in international organizations and national governments.

Global Energy Assessment: Toward a Sustainable Future

https://www.wren.uk.com/images/documents/publications/hargreaves_smart_meters.pdf

Making energy visible: A qualitative field study of how householders interact with feedback from smart energy monitors

Using advanced cool materials in the urban built environment to mitigate heat islands and improve thermal comfort conditions

Research highlights from a large scale residential monitoring study in a hot climate

A framework for the cost-optimal design of nearly zero energy buildings (NZEBs) in representative climates across Europe

http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/en/publications/pdf/FSEC-RR-302-08.pdf

Very low energy homes in the United States: Perspectives on performance from measured data

Roof solar reflectance and cooling energy use: field research results from Florida

Past studies of providing instantaneous feedback on household electrical demand show promise to reduce energy consumption by 10-15%. This paper surveys past research and describes a pilot evaluation of two low cost monitoring systems in case study homes. We also develop an evaluation protocol to use such devices to determine the relative energy intensity of various energy end uses. An identified advantage of the technology is that it provides better guidance on profitable areas to reduce household electrical demand—many of which are often unexpected. Moreover, our case studies showed that use of targeted power strips and occupancybased controls can significantly reduce electricity use associated with household entertainment centers, home office equipment and rechargeable devices.

/pdf/how-much-energy-are-we-using-potential-of-residential-energy-2zxh2d5z18.pdf

Danny S. Parker

Papers

Research highlights from a large scale residential monitoring study in a hot climate

A framework for the cost-optimal design of nearly zero energy buildings (NZEBs) in representative climates across Europe

Very low energy homes in the United States: Perspectives on performance from measured data

Roof solar reflectance and cooling energy use: field research results from Florida

How Much Energy Are We Using? Potential of Residential Energy Demand Feedback Devices