Contamination of heavy metals, namely, lead, cadmium, zinc, nickel, copper, chromium and mercury was evaluated in the samples of water and tissues of Labeo rohita and Ctenopharyngodon idella of Upper Lake of Bhopal collected during summer, rainy and winter seasons of 2005-2006. Different organs of the fishes accumulated varying quantities of different heavy metals. In L. rohita, accumulation of heavy metals was in the sequence liver>kidney>gills>muscles, and in C. idella, it was gills>liver>kidney>muscles. Zn was the highest accumulating metal in fish, whilst Hg was the lowest and was well corroborated with those of water. The values of heavy metals were so far well within the maximum permissible standard value of heavy metals for drinking water and for fish culture as prescribed by various national and international agencies.

Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in fish tissues of a freshwater lake of Bhopal

COVID Pollution: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Global Plastic Waste Footprint

Practical Environmental Analysis.

Medical Microbiology: The Practice of Medical Microbiology.

When reading the PDF, you can see how the author is very reliable in using the words to create sentences. It will be also the ways how the author creates the diction to influence many people. But, it's not nonsense, it is something. Something that will lead you is thought to be better. Something that will make your feel so better. And something that will give you new things. This is it, the soil plant relationships.

Soil-Plant Relationships

The threat of plastic waste pollution in African countries is increasing exponentially since the World Health Organisation declared the coronavirus infection as a pandemic. Fundamental to this growing threat are multiple factors, including the increased public consumption for single-use plastics, limited or non-existence of adequate plastic waste management infrastructures, and urbanisation. Plastics-based personal protective equipment including millions of surgical masks, medical gowns, face shields, safety glasses, protective aprons, sanitiser containers, plastics shoes, and gloves have been widely used for the reduction of exposure risk to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). This paper estimates and elucidates the growing plethora of plastic wastes in African countries in the context of the current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. A Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectral fingerprint indicates that face masks were characterised by natural and artificial fibres including polyester fibres, polypropylene, natural latex resin. Our estimate suggests that over 12 billion medical and fabric face masks are discarded monthly, giving the likelihood that an equivalent of about 105,000 tonnes of face masks per month could be disposed into the environment by Africans. In general, 15 out of 57 African countries are significant plastic waste contributors with Nigeria (15%), Ethiopia (8.6%), Egypt (7.6%), DR Congo (6.7%), Tanzania (4.5%), and South Africa (4.4%) topping the list. Therefore, this expert insight is an attempt to draw the attention of governments, healthcare agencies, and the public to the potential risks of SARS-CoV-2-generated plastics (COVID plastic wastes), and the environmental impacts that could exacerbate the existing plastic pollution epidemic after the COVID-19 pandemic.

COVID-19 Pandemic and Emerging Plastic-based Personal Protective Equipment Waste Pollution and Management in Africa.

Fishes are important biomarkers of trace elements in
aquatic ecosystems, and are used to evaluate the status
of water pollution by mercury in tropical aquatic ecosystems in Nigeria. Common fishes, Chrysichthys nigrodigitatus,Brycinus nurse, Hemichromis fasciatus,
Lutianus ava, Oreochromis nilotica, Pomadasys jubelini,
Stellifer stellifer and Tilapia guineensis were analysed
for Hg accumulation using the cold vapour atomic absorption spectrophotometry technique. The results
showed that Hg concentration in P. jubelini was relatively
the highest, with a mean concentration of 0.063 ± 0.03 mg kg–1. Other concentration values were 0.044 ± 0.031 mg kg–1 for O. nilotica, 0.026 ± 0.013 mg kg–1 for B. nurse, 0.034 ± 0.034 mg kg–1 for H. fasciatus, 0.023 ± 0.020 mg kg–1 for C. nigrodigitatus and 0.33 ± 0.016 mg kg–1 for L. ava. Concentrations of Hg accumulated by the fishes were low and within internationally accepted limit, not likely to cause mercury poisoning. Because of the high Hg accumulating potential of P. jubelini, it is recommended as a biomarker for assessment of Hg toxicity in a tropical aquatic environment.

/pdf/mercury-accumulation-in-fishes-from-tropical-aquatic-bajs4s4bra.pdf

Mercury accumulation in fishes from tropical aquatic ecosystems in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Following enrichment in its presence, two strains of bacteria, isolated from marine sediments, were shown to degrade the quaternary ammonium surfactant benzyldimethyl hexadecylammonium chloride (BDHAC) in a minimal salts medium. The bacteria identified by 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid sequencing were shown to belong to several genera and determined to be Bacillus niabensis and Thalassospira sp. Initial investigations demonstrated that the bacteria were capable of degrading BDHAC when it was present at concentrations in the range 2–4 mg mL−1. In media containing BDHAC, up to 90% was degraded within 7 days, but limited growth of the strain was observed at 2 and 4 mg mL−1 BDHAC. Preliminary analysis of samples after degradation experiment by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry produced a peak with a parent–daughter ion transition of 136 → 91, corresponding to N,N-dimethylbenzylamine. The presence of this potential metabolite suggests the cleavage of the C-alkyl-N bond as a step ...

Degradation of benzyldimethyl hexadecylammonium chloride by Bacillus niabensis and Thalassospira sp. isolated from marine sediments

The levels of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Ni, Pb, Sb and V) in Sporobulus pyramidalis plant species from an abandoned battery industry environment were determined during the wet and dry seasons as follows: The ranges in metal concentrations during the wet and dry seasons were 0.002, 0.420, 0.036 and 36.10 µg g−1, respectively. The coefficients of variation for the metals during wet and dry seasons ranged between none to 151.724% and 13.838–214.935%, respectively. The results showed higher levels of the metals in S. pyramidalis during the dry than wet season. Results obtained from both wet and dry season when compared with background values, Federal Environmental Protection Agency and other international standards revealed that the plant species accumulated high levels of these heavy metals which was evident in concentrations exceeding maximum tolerable limits. The health implications of consuming this plant and any other plant or crop within this environment are discussed.

David E. Bassey

Papers

COVID Pollution: Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Global Plastic Waste Footprint

COVID-19 Pandemic and Emerging Plastic-based Personal Protective Equipment Waste Pollution and Management in Africa.

Mercury accumulation in fishes from tropical aquatic ecosystems in the Niger Delta, Nigeria

Degradation of benzyldimethyl hexadecylammonium chloride by Bacillus niabensis and Thalassospira sp. isolated from marine sediments

Phytoextraction potential of Sporobulus pyramidalis found in an abandoned battery industry environment in Nigeria