David L. Sedlak

TL;DR: For over 70 years, scientists have reported that certain synthetic and natural compounds could mimic natural hormones in the endocrine systems of animals and have been linked to a variety of adverse effects in both humans and wildlife as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, ultraviolet (UV) treatment can effectively remove NDMA, there is considerable interest in the development of less expensive alternative treatment technologies, such as approaches for removing organic nitrogen-containing NDMA precursors prior to chlorination and the use of sunlight photolysis.

TL;DR: Investigation of chlorine disinfection of secondary wastewater effluent and drinking water can result in the production of the potent carcinogen N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) at concentrations of approximately 100 and 10 parts per trillion (ng/L), respectively suggests that it may be possible to reduce NDMA formation by removing ammonia prior to chlorination, by breakpoint chlorinations, or by avoidance of the use of monochloramine for drinking water disinfection.

TL;DR: A critical examination of the trajectory of photocatalytic water treatment research is undertaken, assessing the viability of proposed applications and identifying those with the most promising future.

TL;DR: Results from ELISA analysis of estrogenic hormones in secondary wastewater effluent indicate concentrations comparable to those that cause vitellogenesis in fish, which provides a relatively simple and practical method of assessing the fate of estrogenIC hormones in engineered and natural systems.