Activation of persulfates by carbonaceous materials: A review

Biochar-induced Fe(III) reduction for persulfate activation in sulfamethoxazole degradation: Insight into the electron transfer, radical oxidation and degradation pathways

Nanoscale zerovalent iron (nZVI) particles have received much attention in environmental science and technology due to their unique electronic and chemical properties. However, the aggregation and oxidation of nZVI brings much difficulty in practical application of environmental remediation. In this study, we reported a composite nano-Fe(0)/mesoporous carbon by a chelation-assisted coassembly and carbothermal reduction strategy. Nano-Fe(0) particles with surface iron oxide (Fe2O3·FeO) were wrapped with graphitic layers which were uniformly dispersed in mesoporous carbon frameworks. The unique structure made the nano-Fe(0) particles stable in air for more than 20 days. It was used as a peroxydisulfate (PDS) activator for the oxidation treatment of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (TCP). The TOF value of MCFe for TCP degradation is nearly 3 times higher than those of FeSO4 and Fe2O3·FeO and nearly 2 times than that of commercial nZVI. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) including •SO4-, HO•, and •O2-, 1O2 are efficiently generated by PDS activation with MCFe. The PDS activation process by nano-Fe(0) particles was intrinsically induced by the ferrous ions (Fe(II)) continuously generated at the solid/aqueous interface. Namely, the nano-Fe(0) particles were highly efficiently utilized in sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOP). The porous structure also assists the absorption and transfer of TCP during the degradation process.

Highly Efficient Utilization of Nano-Fe(0) Embedded in Mesoporous Carbon for Activation of Peroxydisulfate.

Highly selective self-condensation of cyclic ketones using MOF-encapsulating phosphotungstic acid for renewable high-density fuel

Surfactant-enhanced remediation of oil-contaminated soil and groundwater: A review

Abatement of chlorinated compounds in groundwater contaminated by HCH wastes using ISCO with alkali activated persulfate.

Chlorinated organic compounds in liquid wastes (DNAPL) from lindane production dumped in landfills in Sabiñanigo (Spain).

Remediation of soil contaminated by lindane wastes using alkaline activated persulfate: Kinetic model

BACKGROUND
Remediation of a soil polluted with fuel oil #2 and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been carried out by alkaline activated persulfate (PS). Furthermore, the effect of surfactant addition on the abatement of TPH and PAHs was studied. Accordingly, four runs were performed at flow conditions using: 1) only water, 2) only surfactant (15 g L−1 of Verusol-3), 3) activated persulfate (210 mM PS and 840 mM NaOH) and 4) surfactant (15 g L−1 Verusol) with activated persulfate (210 mM PS and 840 mM NaOH).

RESULTS
Washing with water was found to achieve a negligible desorption of the pollutants. Washing with surfactant or a combination of surfactant and oxidant completely removed the contaminants from soil, however only the addition of oxidant yielded an aqueous effluent without the pollutants. When adding activated persulfate alone (without surfactant), about 30% residual contamination remains in the soil.

CONCLUSION
Results suggest that the combined application of surfactant and alkali persulfate produces a significant improvement in the elimination of organic compounds such as fuel oil #2 and PAHs.

Remediation of soil contaminated by PAHs and TPH using alkaline activated persulfate enhanced by surfactant addition at flow conditions

Thermally activated persulfate for the chemical oxidation of chlorinated organic compounds in groundwater.

David Lorenzo

Papers

Abatement of chlorinated compounds in groundwater contaminated by HCH wastes using ISCO with alkali activated persulfate.

Chlorinated organic compounds in liquid wastes (DNAPL) from lindane production dumped in landfills in Sabiñanigo (Spain).

Remediation of soil contaminated by lindane wastes using alkaline activated persulfate: Kinetic model

Remediation of soil contaminated by PAHs and TPH using alkaline activated persulfate enhanced by surfactant addition at flow conditions

Thermally activated persulfate for the chemical oxidation of chlorinated organic compounds in groundwater.