Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology 

About: Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology is an academic journal published by Wiley. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Catalysis & Adsorption. It has an ISSN identifier of 0268-2575. Over the lifetime, 12442 publications have been published receiving 264815 citations.

Ideal copolymers and the second-order transitions of synthetic rubbers. i. non-crystalline copolymers

Abstract: Theoretical and practical evidence is put forward to show that copolymers can be treated like solutions of small molecules in the interpretation of packing phenomena, and that ideal volume-additivity of the repeating units in copolymers is frequently realized. On this basis equations are derived for predicting θ, the second-order transition temperature, of binary copolymers from the two second-order transition temperatures of the pure polymers and their coefficients of expansion in the glassy and rubbery states. Previous mechanistic theories of the second-order transition temperature of such copolymers are thus superseded by a general reduction of the problem to the mechanism of thermal expansion. Practical applications to the choice of monomers in producing synthetic rubbers are outlined, and attention is drawn to the importance of second-order transitions in kinetic measurements on the reactions of polymers.

Ionic Liquids for Clean Technology

Abstract: The use of room-temperature chloroaluminate(III) ionic liquids, specifically 1-butylpyridinium chloride–aluminium(III) chloride and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride–aluminium(III) chloride, as solvents for clean synthesis and catalytic processes, particularly those applicable to clean technology, is becoming widely recognised and accepted. The design principles for room-temperature ionic liquids, some of their properties, and the rationale for using these neoteric solvents, are discussed here, and an indication of the scope of these solvents for future industrial processes is given. © 1997 SCI.

Photocatalytic degradation for environmental applications – a review

Abstract: Photocatalysis is a rapidly expanding technology for wastewater treatment. In this review the chemical effects of various variables on the rate of degradation of different pollutants are discussed in detail. The effects of adsorption, temperature, intensity of light, pH, and the presence of anions, cations, etc have been specifically covered. A critical analysis of the available literature data has been made and some general conclusions have been drawn concerning the above mentioned effects. The need for more work on specific points has been brought out. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry

Biosorption: critical review of scientific rationale, environmental importance and significance for pollution treatment

Abstract: Biosorption may be simply defined as the removal of substances from solution by biological material. Such substances can be organic and inorganic, and in gaseous, soluble or insoluble forms. Biosorption is a physico-chemical process and includes such mechanisms as absorption, adsorption, ion exchange, surface complexation and precipitation. Biosorption is a property of both living and dead organisms (and their components) and has been heralded as a promising biotechnology for pollutant removal from solution, and/or pollutant recovery, for a number of years, because of its efficiency, simplicity, analogous operation to conventional ion exchange technology, and availability of biomass. Most biosorption studies have carried out on microbial systems, chiefly bacteria, microalgae and fungi, and with toxic metals and radionuclides, including actinides like uranium and thorium. However, practically all biological material has an affinity for metal species and a considerable amount of other research exists with macroalgae (seaweeds) as well as plant and animal biomass, waste organic sludges, and many other wastes or derived bio-products. While most biosorption research concerns metals and related substances, including radionuclides, the term is now applied to particulates and all manner of organic substances as well. However, despite continuing dramatic increases in published research on biosorption, there has been little or no exploitation in an industrial context. This article critically reviews aspects of biosorption research regarding the benefits, disadvantages, and future potential of biosorption as an industrial process, the rationale, scope and scientific value of biosorption research, and the significance of biosorption in other waste treatment processes and in the environment. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry

Treatment and Reuse of Wastewater from the Textile Wet-Processing Industry : Review of Emerging Technologies

Abstract: New ecolabels for textile products and tighter restrictions on waste- water discharges are forcing textile wet processors to reuse process water and chemicals. This challenge has prompted intensive research in new advanced treatment technologies, some of which currently making their way to full-scale installations. These comprise polishing treatments such as -ltration, chemical oxidation and specialized Nocculation techniques and pre-treatment steps includ- ing anaerobic digestion, -xed--lm bioreactors, FentonIs reagent oxidation, elec- trolysis, or foam Notation. Though several of these new technologies are promising in terms of cost and performance, they all su†er limitations which require further research and/or need broader validation. A segment of the research deals with the separate handling of speci-c sub-streams such as dyebath effluents to which membrane -ltration is sometimes applied. The main limitation of this approach is the treatment of the concentrate stream. The spectrum of available technologies may, in the future, be further broadened to include oxidation, specialized bio-sorptive processes, solvent extrac- fungi/H 2 O 2 -driven tion, or photocatalysis. 1998 SCI ( J. Chem. T echnol. Biotechnol. 72, 289E302 (1998)