Showing papers by "Donald Mackay published in 1994"
TL;DR: The model is applied to the uptake of Bromacil by the soybean from hydroponic solution, yielding results which compare favorably with experimental data.
Abstract: A three-compartment mass balance model of a plant is developed to quantify the uptake of organic chemicals from soil and the atmosphere. The compartments are as follows: root, stem, and foliage. The processes involved are diffusion and bulk flow of chemical between soil and root; transport within the plant in the phloem and transpiration streams between root, stem, and foliage; exchange between foliage and air and between soil and air, metabolism and growth. The model is applied to the uptake of Bromacil by the soybean from hydroponic solution, yielding results which compare favorably with experimental data
223 citations
TL;DR: A review of the physical properties of chlorophenols and alkyl phenols, including acid dissociation constant, aqueous solubility, vapour pressure, octanol-water partition coefficient, Henry's law constant or air water partition coefficients, bioconcentration factor and sorption partition coefficient are presented in this article.
146 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, real field data for pesticide release to surface water are compared with data obtained by simulations of a fugacity-derived model, and the comparison between predicted and measured concentrations indicated that the model is a useful tool for the prediction of surface water concentration.
77 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive mass balance model of the fate of a contaminant in a lake is described which may be used to gain an appreciation of the relative importance of various fate processes and for estimating the lake's time response to loading reductions.
69 citations
TL;DR: The vapor pressure of hexachlorobenzene, [gamma]-hexachlorocyclohexane, p,p[prime]-DDT, i.e., 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2, 2,2,2-trichloroethane, 4-monochlorobiphenyl, 4,4-prime]-dichlorobin-phoenyl, 2.3,4,5-tetrachlorophenyl and 2.2[prime],4,4[
Abstract: The vapor pressures of hexachlorobenzene, [gamma]-hexachlorocyclohexane, p,p[prime]-DDT, i.e., 1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethane, 4-monochlorobiphenyl, 4,4[prime]-dichlorobiphenyl, 2,3,4,5-tetrachlorobiphenyl, and 2,2[prime],4,4[prime],6,6[prime]-hexachlorobiphenyl were measured in the temperature range [minus]30 to +40 C with a gas saturation technique. Coefficients describing the temperature dependence of these vapor pressures are reported. Enthalpies of sublimation derived from these data show no significant temperature dependence in the temperature range investigated.
68 citations
TL;DR: A multi-segment water quality model based on the QWASI (Quantitative Water Air Sediment Interaction) fugacity/aquivalence approach is developed for the Bay of Quinte as discussed by the authors.
43 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the aqueous solubilities of guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol) and seven chlorinated guaiACols were reported over a temperature range from 5 to 45 o C, from which the enthalpies of solution were deduced.
Abstract: The aqueous solubilities of guaiacol (2-methoxyphenol) and seven chlorinated guaiacols are reported at 25 o C, and for five of these over a temperature range from 5 to 45 o C, from which the enthalpies of solution are deduced. It is shown that the solubilities are well corrected with molar volume and that chlorinated phenols and guaiacols follow similar solubility-molar volume and vapor pressure-molar volume relationships. This does not, however, apply to 1-octanol-water partition coefficients
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the solubilities and activity coefficients of six chlorinated organic compounds were determined in aqueous electrolyte solutions by UV-vis spectrophotometry at 25 o C. The experimental values were compared with these calculated from five salt effect theories.
Abstract: The solubilities and activity coefficients of six chlorinated organic compounds were determined in aqueous electrolyte solutions by UV-vis spectrophotometry at 25 o C. The salting-in and salting-out constants were determined. The systems studied were chlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2,4-trichlorobenzene in solutions of NaCl, HCl, Na 2 CO 3 , H 2 SO 4 , and CaCl 2 , chlorobenzene in solutions of (C 2 H 5 ) 4 -NBr, and 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,4,6-trichlorophenol in solutions of NaCl. The experimental values were compared with these calculated from five salt effect theories. The modified internal pressure theory gives the most satisfactory results
17 citations