Edmund R. Nowak

TL;DR: In this paper, the density of a vibrated granular material was measured as a function of time and the frequency dependence and amplitude of these fluctuations were investigated as the function of vibration intensity.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the settling of loosely packed, cohesionless granular material under mechanical vibrations and showed how the occupied volume fraction can be optimized by slowly reducing the vibration intensity along the reversible branch.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the voltage fluctuations of current-biased, micron-scale magnetic tunnel junctions and found that the spectral power density is $1/f$-like at low frequencies and becomes frequency independent at high frequencies.

TL;DR: In this paper, low frequency noise has been measured in magnetic tunnel junctions that have Al2O3 tunnel barriers and magnetoresistance values up to 35% at 295 K. This noise is attributed to trapping processes and it depends sensitively on the relative position of the oxide edge and the ferromagnet-Al interface.

TL;DR: In this article, the necessary elements for picoTesla magnetic-tunnel-junction (MTJ) sensors have been identified by modeling the noise characteristics, and the results help identify the experimental challenges involved in the integration of these necessary elements into actual sensors, illustrate the trade-offs faced if there are losses in performance upon integration, and provide insights into problems and possible solutions.