Edouard Tursan d'Espaignet

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors outline a framework for monitoring chronic, non-communicable diseases and review the mortality burden and the capacity of countries to respond to them, and show data from WHO data sources and published work for prevalence of tobacco use, overweight, and cause-specific mortality in 23 low-income and middle-income countries with a high burden of noncommunicable disease.

TL;DR: Smoking imposes a heavy economic burden throughout the world, particularly in Europe and North America, where the tobacco epidemic is most advanced, and the urgent need for countries to implement stronger tobacco control measures to address these costs is highlighted.

TL;DR: The findings show that striking between-country disparities in tobacco use would persist in 2025, with many countries not on track to achieve tobacco control targets and several low-income and middle-income countries at risk of worsening tobacco epidemics if these trends remain unchanged.

TL;DR: Disaggregated analysis of the prevalence of non-communicable disease risk factors demonstrated different patterns and varying degrees of socioeconomic inequalities across low- and middle-income settings.

TL;DR: Implementation of key WHO FCTC demand-reduction measures is significantly associated with lower smoking prevalence, with anticipated future reductions in tobacco-related morbidity and mortality.