This is the first of a series of papers presenting the Modules for Experiments in Stellar Astrophysics (MESA) Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST) project, a new comprehensive set of stellar evolutionary tracks and isochrones computed using MESA, a state-of-the-art open-source 1D stellar evolution package. In this work, we present models with solar-scaled abundance ratios covering a wide range of ages ($5 \leq \rm \log(Age)\;[yr] \leq 10.3$), masses ($0.1 \leq M/M_{\odot} \leq 300$), and metallicities ($-2.0 \leq \rm [Z/H] \leq 0.5$). The models are self-consistently and continuously evolved from the pre-main sequence to the end of hydrogen burning, the white dwarf cooling sequence, or the end of carbon burning, depending on the initial mass. We also provide a grid of models evolved from the pre-main sequence to the end of core helium burning for $-4.0 \leq \rm [Z/H] < -2.0$. We showcase extensive comparisons with observational constraints as well as with some of the most widely used existing models in the literature. The evolutionary tracks and isochrones can be downloaded from the project website at this http URL

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/0004-637X/823/2/102/pdf

Mesa isochrones and stellar tracks (mist). i. solar-scaled models

MESA Isochrones and Stellar Tracks (MIST). I: Solar-Scaled Models

A method and apparatus are disclosed for identifying molecular structures within a sample substance using a monolithic array of test sites formed on a substrate upon which the sample substance is applied. Each test site includes probes formed therein to bond with a predetermined target molecular structure or structures. A signal is applied to the test sites and certain electrical, mechanical and/or optical properties of the test sites are detected to determine which probes have bonded to an associated target molecular structure.

Optical and electrical methods and apparatus for molecule detection

http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/research/vc/medix/2011/papers/Source2.pdf

Texture analysis of medical images.

http://www4.comp.polyu.edu.hk/~cslzhang/paper/PR_10_Mar_LBPV.pdf

Rotation invariant texture classification using LBP variance (LBPV) with global matching

The fundamental properties of low-mass stars are not as well understood as those of their more massive counterparts. The best method for constraining these properties, especially masses and radii, is to study eclipsing binary systems, but only a small number of late-type (≥M0) systems have been identified and well characterized to date. We present the discovery and characterization of six new M dwarf eclipsing binary systems. The 12 stars in these eclipsing systems have masses spanning 0.38-0.59 M_⊙ and orbital periods of 0.6-1.7 days, with typical uncertainties of ~0.3% in mass and ~0.5%-2.0% in radius. Combined with six known systems with high-precision measurements, our results reveal an intriguing trend in the low-mass regime. For stars with M = 0.35-0.80 M_⊙, components in short-period binary systems (P ≲ 1 day; 12 stars) have radii which are inflated by up to 10% (μ = 4.8% ± 1.0%) with respect to evolutionary models for low-mass main-sequence stars, whereas components in longer-period systems (> 1.5 days; 12 stars) tend to have smaller radii (μ = 1.7% ± 0.7%). This trend supports the hypothesis that short-period systems are inflated by the influence of the close companion, most likely because they are tidally locked into very high rotation speeds that enhance activity and inhibit convection. In summary, very close binary systems are not representative of typical M dwarfs, but our results for longer-period systems indicate that the evolutionary models are broadly valid in the M ~ 0.35-0.80 M_⊙ regime.

The Mass-Radius(-Rotation?) Relation for Low-Mass Stars

This paper presents a generalized statistical texture analysis technique for characterizing and recognizing typical, diagnostically most important, vascular patterns relating to cervical lesions from colposcopic images. The contributions of the research include: (1) the introduction of a generalized texture analysis technique based on the combination of the conventional statistical and structural textural analysis approaches by using a statistical description of geometric primitives; (2) the introduction of a set of textural measures that capture the specific characteristics of cervical textures as perceived by humans. An experimental study with real images demonstrated the feasibility and promise of the proposed approach in discriminating between cervical texture patterns indicative of different stages of cervical lesions.

/pdf/texture-analysis-for-classification-of-cervix-lesions-1nlzj1xdsk.pdf

Texture analysis for classification of cervix lesions

New or growing skin lesions are identified by providing digital baseline image data of an area of a subject's skin, and storing the baseline image data. An imaging system is operated to produce up-to-date digital image data of the skin area directly from the subject or from a photograph thereof as a real time input to a computer. The stored baseline image data also is provided to the computer. The up-to-date image data and baseline image data are alternately displayed on a monitor in a blinking mode. The orientation, focus, and/or distance of the camera from the actual area or photograph thereof so as to frame, scale, and/or align features of the alternately displayed images. A frame of the aligned up-to-date image is digitized and stored. The stored up-to-date image data and the baseline image data are alternately displayed on a monitor in a blinking mode to visually identify lesions which blink enough to identify a new or significantly growing lesion.

Image comparator system and method for detecting changes in skin lesions

The quantitative measurement of areas on the cervix is of interest to researchers studying the natural history of human papilloma viral lesions. Measurement of areas from images obtained through a colposcope are, however, inherently in error due to the image being a two-dimensional projection of a three-dimensional object. The ability to correct for these errors through use of digital imaging colposcopy and a practical application of a shape from shading algorithm was developed in this study. The shape from shading technique requires empirical measurement of the relationship between observed light intensity and the viewing angle (referred to as a reflection map). It was found that a population mean reflection map provided a correction that was about as accurate as using an individual's own reflection map (making it unnecessary to measure a map for each exam). Digital red filtering of the images increased accuracy and precision of measurement.

/pdf/digital-imaging-colposcopy-corrected-area-measurements-using-1cf577nm21.pdf

Digital imaging colposcopy: corrected area measurements using shape-from-shading

The area of a three-dimensional lesion on a cervix is determined from a two-dimensional image thereof produced by a digital colposcope. A stored reference cervix reflectance map including slant angles and corresponding gray scale intensity levels represents a reference cervix, and is obtained using a shape-assuming target including thereon an array of circular spots of a first reflectivity and a stiff target having thereon a first circular spot of the first reflectivity and a second circular spot of a second reflectivity. An identical stiff target is placed on the cervix, and a two-dimensional image of the lesion and the stiff target is obtained from the digital colposcope. Resulting intensities of the two-dimensional image are calibrated to the gray scale of a standard target reflectance map, and the calibrated intensities of the two-dimensional image are correlated to the intensities of the reference cervix reflectance map to determine slant angles of predetermined points of the cervix. Pixel dimensions of each pixel in the lesion then are corrected in accordance with the slant angles. The lesion area is computed by summing the areas of the pixels with corrected dimensions.

Eric R. Craine

Papers

The Mass-Radius(-Rotation?) Relation for Low-Mass Stars

Texture analysis for classification of cervix lesions

Image comparator system and method for detecting changes in skin lesions

Digital imaging colposcopy: corrected area measurements using shape-from-shading

Colposcope device and method for measuring areas of cervical lesions