Magnetorheological (MR) materials are classified as smart materials due to their responsiveness to external magnetic stimuli. Intensive research on MR materials has led to broad applications in several potential fields. A solid carrier matrix state called MR elastomer with its exceptional magnetic responsive feature is obtained by merging magnetizable particles within an elastomeric polymer. This integration results in outstanding characteristics on the rheological performances. Special prominence is given to the understanding of the base materials and fabrication as well as the functional behavior through various characterization methods. Broad applications of MREs are also explored to provide a profound market picture and to motivate researchers to develop novel technology. The functional behavior of MREs is briefly explained. The art of the materials provides the current position and mapping of the matrix and filler particles. Types of matrix and particles are mentioned together with the level of the research interest on MREs. Description of the fabrication is provided in simple diagrams as summarized from previous works to enhance the MREs performance. The possible tests to reveal the characteristics of the MREs are delivered with the global experimental setup. The review also explains the applications of MREs as well as discussion on the MREs future promising applications.

Recent Progress on Magnetorheological Solids: Materials, Fabrication, Testing, and Applications†

Smart materials are kinds of designed materials whose properties are controllable with the application of external stimuli such as the magnetic field, electric field, stress, and heat. Smart materials whose rheological properties are controlled by externally applied magnetic field are known as magneto-rheological materials. Magneto-rheological materials actively used for engineering applications include fluids, foams, grease, elastomers, and plastomers. In the last two decades, magneto-rheological materials have gained great attention of researchers significantly because of their salient controllable properties and potential applications to various fields such as automotive industry, civil environment, and military sector. This article offers a recent progressive review on the magneto-rheological materials technology, especially focusing on numerous application devices and systems utilizing magneto-rheological materials. Conceivable limitations, challenges, and comparable advantages of applying these magn...

A state of art on magneto-rheological materials and their potential applications:

A design and modelling review of rotary magnetorheological damper

Magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are a class of recently emerged smart materials whose moduli are largely influenced when exposed to an external magnetic field. The MREs are particulate composites, where micro-sized magnetic particles are dispersed inside a non-magnetic polymeric matrix. These elastomers are known for changing their mechanical and rheological properties in the presence of a magnetic field. This change in properties is widely known as the magnetorheological (MR) effect. The MR effect depends on a number of factors such as type of matrix materials, type, concentration and distribution of magnetic particles, use of additives, working modes, and magnetic field strength. The investigation of MREs’ mechanical properties in both off-field and on-field (i.e. absence and presence of a magnetic field) is crucial to deploy them in real engineering applications. The common magneto-mechanical characterization experiments of MREs include static and dynamic compression, tensile, and shear tests in both off-field and on-field. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the magneto-mechanical characterizations of MREs along with brief coverage of the MRE materials and their fabrication methods.

/pdf/a-review-on-magneto-mechanical-characterizations-of-44oze4h4zx.pdf

A review on magneto-mechanical characterizations of magnetorheological elastomers

This review presents various control strategies for application systems utilizing smart magneto-rheological fluid (MRF) and magneto-rheological elastomers (MRE). It is well known that both MRF and MRE are actively studied and applied to many practical systems such as vehicle dampers. The mandatory requirements for successful applications of MRF and MRE include several factors: advanced material properties, optimal mechanisms, suitable modeling, and appropriate control schemes. Among these requirements, the use of an appropriate control scheme is a crucial factor since it is the final action stage of the application systems to achieve the desired output responses. There are numerous different control strategies which have been applied to many different application systems of MRF and MRE, summarized in this review. In the literature review, advantages and disadvantages of each control scheme are discussed so that potential researchers can develop more effective strategies to achieve higher control performance of many application systems utilizing magneto-rheological materials.

/pdf/state-of-the-art-of-control-schemes-for-smart-systems-3hwy929fi6.pdf

State of the art of control schemes for smart systems featuring magneto-rheological materials

Design of magnetorheological damper with a combination of shear and squeeze modes

/pdf/a-review-on-the-fused-deposition-modeling-fdm-3d-printing-stu4vuyk9r.pdf

A review on the fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing: Filament processing, materials, and printing parameters

A novel concept of a compact magnetorheological valve is proposed based on the advance characteristics of magnetorheological fluid. The structural design consists of a meandering pattern formed by multiple annular and radial gaps in order to extend the flow path length of magnetorheological fluid. Extending the flow path of magnetorheological fluid is important in order to increase the density of effective area, so that the rheological properties of magnetorheological fluid can be widely regulated in a small size magnetorheological valve. The main objective of this article is to show that the pressure drop as one of the key performance indicators in a magnetorheological valve can be significantly increased using multiple annular and radial gaps configuration. In order to demonstrate the magnetorheological valve performance, simulation work using magnetic simulation software called finite element method-based software for magnetic simulation is conducted and combined with the pressure drop calculation using the derived magnetorheological valve model. Simulation results show that the magnetorheological valve with multiple annular and radial gaps is able to improve the achievable pressure drop. The discussion on the effect of gap size variations on the achievable pressure drop and the operational range of magnetorheological valve is also presented.

Design and performance analysis of a compact magnetorheological valve with multiple annular and radial gaps

The huge developments in the field of magnetorheological (MR) fluid-based devices will have a great influence on the future of mechatronic applications due to the ease of interfacing between electronic controls and the mechanical components that they provide Among various MR fluid-based devices, an MR valve would be particularly significant for the development of other devices, if it could be successfully achieved One of the most challenging obstacles to MR valve development is the difficulty of achieving device miniaturization while, at the same time, improving the achievable performance This study demonstrates a novel design for an MR valve, using the meandering flow path approach in order to increase the effective area so that the MR fluid can be regulated within a small-sized valve The meandering flow path is formed by combining multiple annular, radial and orifice flow channels In order to analyze the valve performance, a mathematical model of the proposed MR valve is derived and combined with numerical simulation using the finite element method, with the intention of predicting the achievable pressure drop that can be generated by the valve The predicted MR valve performances are then experimentally evaluated using an oscillation-disturbed bypass hydraulic cylinder The simulation results show that the proposed MR valve design could yield substantial pressure drop improvement, which is confirmed by the experiment

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0964-1726/23/6/065017/pdf

Fitrian Imaduddin

Papers

A design and modelling review of rotary magnetorheological damper

Design of magnetorheological damper with a combination of shear and squeeze modes

A review on the fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing: Filament processing, materials, and printing parameters

Design and performance analysis of a compact magnetorheological valve with multiple annular and radial gaps

A high performance magnetorheological valve with a meandering flow path