The tourist: a new theory of the leisure class

The Pattern of the Chinese Past

The role of community involvement and number/type of visitors on tourism impacts: A controlled comparison of Annapurna, Nepal and Northwest Yunnan, China

This article explores the antecedents of place attachment within the context of cultural tourism destinations. The proposed model is examined on two samples of cultural tourists with different cultural backgrounds. One sample consists of Hakka tourists, the same ethnic group as the hosts, and the other consists of tourists from a variety of non-Hakka ethnic backgrounds. The results indicate that both enduring involvement and destination attractiveness have a direct effect on place attachment, and that there is also an indirect effect of enduring involvement on place attachment mediated by destination attractiveness. Cross-group validation of the proposed model revealed that the structure fit both ethnic categories. A subsequent detailed examination, however, showed meaningful differences in the strengths of path coefficients between the two groups. These findings suggest that the meaning and formation of attachment may differ depending on the ethnic background of the tourists. Implications for theory and ...

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/0047287505278988

Antecedents of Attachment to a Cultural Tourism Destination: The Case of Hakka and Non-Hakka Taiwanese Visitors to Pei-Pu, Taiwan:

The Analects Of Confucius

Tourism development and cultural policies in China

This paper explores the power of both traditional culture and modernity, their interaction, and ecotourism as defined and developed in China, and suggests a new framework for ecotourism policies. It argues that issues in ecotourism should reflect scientific and empirical evidence, but also integrate traditional Chinese cultural beliefs, and political and social factors, to achieve sustainability. The protected area system, central to ecotourism in China, was introduced by government to bring modernity and globalization. The management model follows western values, tending to separate humans from nature for conservation purposes, using institutionalized western zoning systems. This approach is inconsistent with millennia-old Chinese cultural values about relationships between nature and humans, centred around tian ren he yi – humans and nature as a unified entity. Instead of managing conflicts, attaining harmony (in a subjective experiential way) is the fundamental Chinese approach. The paper explores conf...

Attaining harmony: understanding the relationship between ecotourism and protected areas in China

It is axiomatic that culture, however defined, will influence the way in which resources are utilised for tourism, whether those resources are built heritage, living heritage (ethnic minorities way of life, art forms, dance, music and so forth), natural heritage, or the ‘way of life’ of different population segments of countries. To a certain extent, this is because tourism, as the industry of difference, is fundamentally involved in image creation in order to differentiate one destination from another, and the trappings and values embedded in a nation's culture are pivotal in exhibiting difference. The enduring strength of Chinese culture is evident in its unbroken history of more than 5000 years, and this history needs to be approached from a Chinese perspective which is underpinned by Chinese values that find expression in contemporary tourism development all over China. The historical–cultural legacy is buttressed by its linguistic roots that have remained constant for millennia, and tourism developme...

Culture as a Major Determinant in Tourism Development of China

Chapter 18 – China: ecotourism and cultural tourism, harmony or dissonance?

The pursuit of modernization in cities all over China has at one level resulted in the disappearance of much built heritage; yet at another level, millennia-old elements of urban traditions...

Fung Mei Sarah Li

Papers

Tourism development and cultural policies in China

Attaining harmony: understanding the relationship between ecotourism and protected areas in China

Culture as a Major Determinant in Tourism Development of China

Chapter 18 – China: ecotourism and cultural tourism, harmony or dissonance?

The heritage of Chinese cities as seen through the gaze of zhonghua wenhua – ‘Chinese common knowledge’: Guilin as an exemplar