The 11th edition of Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine welcomes Anthony Fauci to its editorial staff, in addition to more than 85 new contributors. While the organization of the book is similar to previous editions, major emphasis has been placed on disorders that affect multiple organ systems. Important advances in genetics, immunology, and oncology are emphasized. Many chapters of the book have been rewritten and describe major advances in internal medicine. Subjects that received only a paragraph or two of attention in previous editions are now covered in entire chapters. Among the chapters that have been extensively revised are the chapters on infections in the compromised host, on skin rashes in infections, on many of the viral infections, including cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus, on sexually transmitted diseases, on diabetes mellitus, on disorders of bone and mineral metabolism, and on lymphadenopathy and splenomegaly. The major revisions in these chapters and many

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Li-ion battery technology has become very important in recent years as these batteries show great promise as power sources that can lead us to the electric vehicle (EV) revolution. The development of new materials for Li-ion batteries is the focus of research in prominent groups in the field of materials science throughout the world. Li-ion batteries can be considered to be the most impressive success story of modern electrochemistry in the last two decades. They power most of today's portable devices, and seem to overcome the psychological barriers against the use of such high energy density devices on a larger scale for more demanding applications, such as EV. Since this field is advancing rapidly and attracting an increasing number of researchers, it is important to provide current and timely updates of this constantly changing technology. In this review, we describe the key aspects of Li-ion batteries: the basic science behind their operation, the most relevant components, anodes, cathodes, electrolyte solutions, as well as important future directions for R&D of advanced Li-ion batteries for demanding use, such as EV and load-leveling applications.

Challenges in the development of advanced Li-ion batteries: a review

The science and technology of ultracapacitors are reviewed for a number of electrode materials, including carbon, mixed metal oxides, and conducting polymers. More work has been done using microporous carbons than with the other materials and most of the commercially available devices use carbon electrodes and an organic electrolytes. The energy density of these devices is 3¯5 Wh/kg with a power density of 300¯500 W/kg for high efficiency (90¯95%) charge/discharges. Projections of future developments using carbon indicate that energy densities of 10 Wh/kg or higher are likely with power densities of 1¯2 kW/kg. A key problem in the fabrication of these advanced devices is the bonding of the thin electrodes to a current collector such the contact resistance is less than 0.1 cm2. Special attention is given in the paper to comparing the power density characteristics of ultracapacitors and batteries. The comparisons should be made at the same charge/discharge efficiency.

Ultracapacitors: Why, How, and Where is the Technology

This critical review presents an overview of the various classes of Li(+) conductors for use as electrolytes in lithium polymer batteries and all-solid state microbatteries. Initially, we recall the main models for ion transport and the structure-transport relationships at the basis of the observed conductivity behaviours. Emphasis is then placed on the physico-chemical and functional parameters relevant for optimal electrolytes preparation, as well as on the techniques of choice for their evaluation. Finally, the state of the art of polymer and ceramic electrolytes is reported, and the most interesting strategies for the future developments are described (121 references).

Electrolytes for solid-state lithium rechargeable batteries: recent advances and perspectives

Nonlinear Optical Crystals: A Complete Survey

Studies on amino acids admixtured triglycine sulphophosphate crystals

We demonstrate the chemical synthesis of Co doped SnO nanoparticle and subsequently the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and ultraviolet spectroscopy were employed to characterize the phase, particle size, composition and bandgap of the particles Well crystalline diffraction peaks with tetragonal phase were observed from XRD SEM analysis reveals that the formation of nano sheets with different sizes

Role Of Co Doping On Structural And Morphological Properties Of SnO Nanoparticle

Pure and Ni added zinc oxide thin films were prepared by sol-gel method using spin-coating technique on glass substrates. The influences of nickel on ZnO thin films are characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction study. Pure and Ni added thin films are hexagonal wurtzite structure without any secondary phase in c-axis orientation. The SEM images of thin films show uniform sphere like particles covered completely on glass substrates. All the films exhibit transmittance of 85-95% in the visible range up to 800nm and cut-off wavelength observed at 394 nm corresponding to the fundamental absorption of ZnO. The photoluminescence property for pure and Ni added ZnO thin films has been studied and results are presented in detail.

Structural and optical properties of Ni added ZnO thin films deposited by sol-gel method

The great interest to develop the elevated capacity of silicon (Si)‐based anode material is the future necessitate for Li‐ion batteries. The three‐dimensional (3D) microsphere Si@MX‐RG nanocomposite was synthesized employing the facile spray drying method. Moreover, silicon (Si) with sponge‐like few‐layer 2D materials (MXene/reduced graphene [MX‐RG])‐based nanostructure composite has been prepared using a spray dryer. As‐prepared MX and graphene are correspondingly derived from (LiF‐HCl) chemical etching and chemical oxidation, respectively. The FE‐SEM surface morphological views explored highly crumbled pure MX, Si@MX, Si@MX‐RG spray‐dried microsphere particle size ranges from 500 nm to 1 μm. The observed morphology results explored novel crumbled 3D nature morphology. The electrochemical performances of pure MX, Si@MX, Si@MX‐RG microsphere measured employing cyclic voltammetry (CV) revealed good anodic and cathodic peaks at 0.01–1.5 V, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) was analyzed for charge transfer resistance (Rct) of 42 Ω. The galvanostatic charge‐discharge (GCD) profile for Si@MX‐RG microsphere explored 2723 mAh/g anode capacity for the initial cycle, and its initial columbic efficiency (ICE) is 89.1% and it is greatly improved with the second cycle (96.8%). A high reversible 1422 mAh/g specific capacity at 3 C is revealed at 200 cycles. The excellent cycle stability and better rate capability explored exclusive structural devices of novel microspheres. Hence, we confirmed the MX and RG sheets wrapped by silicon cores are having superior conductive MX‐RG and efficiently improve electrical conductivity.

Si@MXene/graphene crumbled spherical nanocomposites

Photoelectrochemical water splitting symbolizes an eco-friendly sustainable way for renewable hydrogen and oxygen production Increasing the photoelectrode stability and efficiency is one of the important tasks in PEC performances In this present work, we have successfully synthesized pure ZnO and ZnSe₁ – ₓOₓ nanorods by a chemical vapor deposition method XRD measurements confirmed the formation of the wurtzite structure of ZnO and ZnSe₁ – ₓOₓ nanorods All the prepared samples confirmed the formation of the nanorod structure by employing SEM studies Notably, in particular, the photoelectrochemical (PEC) activity was studied by linear sweep voltammetry (I–V) and photoconversion efficiency (η) analysis The experimental results showed that the ZnO/02Se nanorods exhibit better PEC performance due to their strong visible light absorption The selenium (Se) composite plays a vital role in boosting their PEC performance and photoelectrode efficiency Furthermore, the optimized photoanode of ZnO/02Se exhibits high efficiency, which was 273 times greater than that of the pure ZnO Therefore, the ZnSe₁ – ₓOₓ nanorod is a promising alternative material for PEC applications

Ganesan Ravi

Papers

Studies on amino acids admixtured triglycine sulphophosphate crystals

Role Of Co Doping On Structural And Morphological Properties Of SnO Nanoparticle

Structural and optical properties of Ni added ZnO thin films deposited by sol-gel method

Si@MXene/graphene crumbled spherical nanocomposites

Growth of ZnSexO1–x Nanorods and Their Photoelectrochemical Properties