Showing papers by "Gilles Dietrich published in 1994"

V region-mediated selection of autoreactive repertoires by intravenous immunoglobulin (i.v.Ig).

Abstract: In addition to its use as substitute therapy for primary and secondary immunodeficiencies, intravenous immunoglobulin (i.v.Ig) is increasingly being used as an immunomodulating therapy in the treatment of patients with a variety of autoimmune and systemic inflammatory disorders (Schwartz 1990, Dietrich et al. 1992b, Dwyer 1992, Ronda et al. 1993). The use of i.v.Ig in these situations is supported by a few randomized clinical trials and a large number of uncontrolled and smaller studies. Of relevance to this chapter are that the reported beneficial effects of i.v.Ig include those in autoantibody-mediated autoimmune diseases (e.g., autoimmune cytopenias, anti-factor VIII autoimmune disease) as well as diseases in which autoaggressive T cells are primarily involved in the pathogenesis (e.g., autoimmune uveitis) (Imbach et al. 1981, Bussel et al. 1983, Sultan et al. 1984, McGuire et al. 1987, LeHoang et al. 1994). Where it is a feature of the disease, successful outcome of i.v.Ig therapy is associated with an improvement in the patient's systemic inflammatory condition. Modulation of B-cell and Tcell functions and of cytokine production has further been observed in animal models of autoimmune diseases following administration of human i.v.Ig or of normal homologous IgG (Forsgren et al. 1991, Rossi et al. 1991a, Saoudi et al. 1993, Hentati et al. 1994). The design of trials to establish the efficacy and appropriate therapeutic sched-

Anti-CD4 activity of normal human immunoglobulin G for therapeutic use. (Intravenous immunoglobulin, IVIg).

Abstract: The effects of intravenously administered normal immunoglobulin G (IVIg) in autoimmune diseases are dependent on the ability of IVIg to interact with surface molecules of lymphocytes In the present study, we demonstrate the presence of anti-CD4 activity in IVIg by showing the ability of IVIg to bind to CD4 and to inhibit CD4-dependent cellular functions Binding of IVIg to recombinant soluble human CD4 was assessed by ELISA, immunoblotting and real time analysis of complex formation Anti-CD4 antibodies isolated from IVIg by affinity-chromatography bound to human CD4+ T cells These anti-CD4 antibodies inhibited proliferative responses in MLR and infection of CD4+ human T cells with HIV These results indicate that IVIg contains antibodies reactive with human CD4 and that these anti-CD4 antibodies exhibit biological functions The presence of anti-CD4 antibodies in IVIg may be relevant to the immunoregulatory effects of normal polyspecific immunoglobulin G