Nanocrystalline particles of MgO were synthesized using microwave radiation in an ethylene glycol solution. The antibacterial activities of the MgO nanoparticles were tested by treating Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive) cultures with 1 mg mL–1 of the nanoparticles. We have examined the importance of the size effect, pH, and the form of the active MgO species as a bactericidal agent. A clear size dependence of the nanoparticles is observed where the amount of eradicated bacteria was strongly dependent on the particle size.

Microwave‐Assisted Synthesis of Nanocrystalline MgO and Its Use as a Bacteriocide

Production of synthesis gas via methane reforming with CO2 on noble metals and small amount of noble-(Rh-) promoted Ni catalysts

Transition metal oxides receive considerable attention in the area of electrochemistry not only due to their beneficial reported structural, mechanical or electronic properties, but because of their capacitive properties ascribed to their multiple oxide states they exhibit pseudo capacitances which carbon counterparts generally cannot. Typically transition metal oxides may be classified as noble transition metal oxides which exhibit excellent capacitive properties but have the drawback of generally being relatively expensive. Alternatively base metal oxides may also be utilised which are considerably cheaper and more environment friendly than noble transition metals as well as exhibiting good capacitive properties. In considering that nanostructured materials can help ameliorate the electrochemical performances of transition metal oxides, this review summarizes the recent investigations of fundamental advances in understanding the electrochemical reactivity of transition metal oxides, thus leading to an improved capacitive performance, which is essential for their continual use in a plethora of supercapacitor applications.

Electrochemical capacitors utilising transition metal oxides: an update of recent developments

Mesoporous magnesium oxide has been prepared through a hard-templating pathway using mesoporous carbon aerogel as template and magnesium nitrate solution as MgO precursor. The used carbon aerogel can be synthesized by drying a resorcinol/formaldehyde polymer under ambient pressure conditions instead of the usually employed supercritical drying method. After removal of the carbon template by a simple combustion at 600 °C for 8 h in air, the obtained MgO primary particles have close to spherical shapes, which are connected to form a three-dimensional network structure. The surface area and pore volume can reach up to 150 m2·g-1 and 0.73 cm3·g-1, respectively. A carbon aerogel template with larger pore diameter also leads to MgO with an increasing pore diameter. Such a tunable mesopore structure of MgO with high surface area, large pore volume, and tunable pore size could be advantageous for practical applications, for instance in catalysis.

Hard-Templating Pathway To Create Mesoporous Magnesium Oxide

High stability of Ce-promoted Ni/Mg―Al catalysts derived from hydrotalcites in dry reforming of methane

Nano-MgO: novel preparation and application as support of Ni catalyst for CO2 reforming of methane

It is critical to understand factors associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) metastasis. To track the evolutionary route of metastasis, here we perform an integrative genomic analysis of 163 matched blood and primary, regional lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis tumour samples, combined with single-cell RNA-seq on 11 samples from two patients. The mutation burden, gene mutation frequency, mutation signature, and copy number frequency are similar between metastatic tumours and primary and regional lymph node tumours. There are two distinct evolutionary routes of metastasis, including metastases evolved from regional lymph nodes (lymphatic route, 61.5%, 8/13) and from primary tumours (hematogenous route, 38.5%, 5/13). The hematogenous route is characterised by higher IFN-γ response gene expression and a higher fraction of exhausted CD8+ T cells. Based on a radiomics model, we find that the hematogenous group has significantly better progression-free survival and PD-1 immunotherapy response, while the lymphatic group has a better response to locoregional radiotherapy. 

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Hai-Yan Wang

Papers

Nano-MgO: novel preparation and application as support of Ni catalyst for CO2 reforming of methane

Evolutionary route of nasopharyngeal carcinoma metastasis and its clinical significance