Showing papers by "Harold H. Sandstead published in 1991"
TL;DR: Dietary zinc deficiency occurs in individuals and populations whose diets are low in sources of readily bioavailable zinc such as red meat, and high in unrefined cereals that are rich in phytate and dietary fibers and suggests that mild deficiency is common in some populations.
Abstract: Zinc deficiency occurs in individuals and populations whose diets are low in sources of readily bioavailable zinc such as red meat, and high in unrefined cereals that are rich in phytate and dietary fibers. Dietary zinc deficiency was described nearly three decades ago among the poor of the Middle East. It is now known to occur in children and adolescents from widely diverse areas including Egypt, Iran, Turkey, China, Yugoslavia, Canada, and the United States; and among pregnant women from Iran, Turkey, the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States. Major manifestations include retarded growth and development and an increased incidence of pregnancy complications. Other manifestations may include suppressed immunity, poor healing, dermatitis, and impairments in neuropsychological functions. Precise information as to the numbers of people affected by dietary zinc deficiency is not available. Even so the nature of diets associated with zinc deficiency suggests that mild deficiency is common in some populations.
264 citations
8 citations
TL;DR: The parameter wt gain/wk/cm ht deserves study as a tool for monitoring wt status and gain to identify those pregnant adolescents in greatest need for nutritional counseling and to set wT gain goals.
Abstract: In a previous report of a zinc supplementation trial in pregnant adolescents zinc effect varied according to maternal weight (wt) status—normal (90–110% of expected wt), light or heavy, prompting this analysis of effects of wt status and gestational wt gain on fetal heaviness relative to length and gestational age (GA) and other pregnancy outcomes. One-third of adolescents shifted in or out of normal wt by delivery, creating seven outcome groups—light-light, light to normal, normal to light, normal-normal, normal to heavy, heavy to normal, and heavy-heavy. These wt class change groups varied significantly as to intrauterine growth (SGA, low AGA, high AGA, and LGA); by weekly grams gain per cm height (ht), birth wt, infant wt/length ratio, and occurrence of low birth wt (LBW). Infants with above average intrauterine growth had an advantage in: absolute size, length of hospital stay, rates of LBW, fetal demise, rates of low Apgar score, and “other” complications. This association between intrauterine growth and maternal wt class change suggests that promotion of wt gain might lower rates of LBW. Birthwt varied by quartiles of weekly wt change (gm) per cm ht in women grouped by their percent of expected wt: in the lowest quartile (Q1) only one group in seven reached average Bwt (3025 grams); with Q4 gain all groups did. Thus, the parameter wt gain/wk/cm ht deserves study as a tool for monitoring wt status and gain to identify those pregnant adolescents in greatest need for nutritional counseling and to set wt gain goals.
6 citations