THE DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF EXPERIMENTS. By Oscar Kempthorne. New York, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1952. 631 pp. $8.50. This book by a teacher of statistics (as well as a consultant for \"experimenters\") is a comprehensive study of the philosophical background for the statistical design of experiment. It is necessary to have some facility with algebraic notation and manipulation to be able to use the volume intelligently. The problems are presented from the theoretical point of view, without such practical examples as would be helpful for those not acquainted with mathematics. The mathematical justification for the techniques is given. As a somewhat advanced treatment of the design and analysis of experiments, this volume will be interesting and helpful for many who approach statistics theoretically as well as practically. With emphasis on the \"why,\" and with description given broadly, the author relates the subject matter to the general theory of statistics and to the general problem of experimental inference. MARGARET J. ROBERTSON

The Design and Analysis of Experiments

Manure management: implications for greenhouse gas emissions

Composting technology in waste stabilization: On the methods, challenges and future prospects.

One of the most versatile and remunerative techniques for handling biodegradable solid wastes is composting. A large variety of such wastes of plant, animal, and synthetic origins can be gainfully composted, at scales varying from a household bin to a large industry. Compost also has an inexhaustible market as a soil conditioner and fertilizer. Apart from being a source of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and other nutrients for plants, compost is also believed to suppress soil-borne diseases in plants. These virtues make composting an ideal option for processing the enormous quantities of biodegradable solid wastes that are generated in the world. In this article, a review of the state of the art of compost science is presented, encompassing the history, the mechanism, the production, the characteristics, and the effects of composting. It is hoped that this effort would stimulate further interest in composting and in the appreciation of its benefits.

Solid Waste Management by Composting: State of the Art

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00940093/document

Effects of humic substances derived from organic waste enhancement on the growth and mineral nutrition of maize

Evaluation of a compost obtained from forestry wastes and solid phase of pig slurry as a substrate for seedlings production.

Fertilisation of potted geranium with a municipal solid waste compost

Use of pulp mill inorganic wastes as alternative liming materials.

Study of biochemical and microbiological parameters during composting of pine and eucalyptus bark.

The following six pig slurries obtained after acidification and/or solid/liquid separation were used in the research: original (S) and acidified (AS) pig slurry, nonacidified (LF) and acidified (ALF) pig slurry liquid fraction, and nonacidified (SF) and acidified (ASF) pig slurry solid fraction. Laboratory incubations were performed to assess the effect of the application of these slurries on N mineralization and CO2 and N2O emissions from a sandy soil. Acidification maintained higher NH4+-N contents in soil particularly in the ALF-treated soil where NH4+-N contents were two times higher than in LF-treated soil during the 55–171-day interval. At the end of the incubation (171 days), 32.9 and 24.2 mg N kg−1 dry soil were mineralized in the ASF- and SF-treated soils, respectively, but no mineralization occurred in LF- and S-treated soils, although acidification decreased N immobilization in ALF- (−25.3 mg N kg−1 soil) and AS- (−12.7 mg N kg−1 soil) compared to LF- (−34.4 mg N kg−1 soil) and S-treated (−18.6 mg N kg−1 soil) soils, respectively. Most of the dissolved CO2 was lost during the acidification process. More than 90% of the applied C in the LF-treated soil was lost during the incubation, indicating a high availability of the added organic compounds. Nitrous oxide emissions occurred only after day 12 and at a lower rate in soils treated with acidified than nonacidified slurries. However, during the first 61 days of incubation, 1,157 μg N kg−1 soil was lost as N2O in the AS-treated soil and only 937 in the S-treated soil.

Henrique Ribeiro

Papers

Evaluation of a compost obtained from forestry wastes and solid phase of pig slurry as a substrate for seedlings production.

Fertilisation of potted geranium with a municipal solid waste compost

Use of pulp mill inorganic wastes as alternative liming materials.

Study of biochemical and microbiological parameters during composting of pine and eucalyptus bark.

Nitrogen mineralization and CO2 and N2O emissions in a sandy soil amended with original or acidified pig slurries or with the relative fractions