An object is to provide a semiconductor device of which a manufacturing process is not complicated and by which cost can be suppressed, by forming a thin film transistor using an oxide semiconductor film typified by zinc oxide, and a manufacturing method thereof. For the semiconductor device, a gate electrode is formed over a substrate; a gate insulating film is formed covering the gate electrode; an oxide semiconductor film is formed over the gate insulating film; and a first conductive film and a second conductive film are formed over the oxide semiconductor film. The oxide semiconductor film has at least a crystallized region in a channel region.

Semiconductor device, and manufacturing method thereof

Modern computer microprocessor chips are marvels of engineering complexity. For the current 45 nm technology node, there may be nearly a billion transistors on a chip barely 1 cm2 and more than 10 000 m of wiring connecting and powering these devices distributed over 9-10 wiring levels. This represents quite an advance from the first INTEL 4004B microprocessor chip introduced in 1971 with 10 μm minimum dimensions and 2 300 transistors on the chip! It has been disclosed that advanced microprocessor chips at the 32 nm node will have more than 2 billion transistors.1 For instance, Figure 1 shows a sectional 3D image of a 90 nm IBM microprocessor, containing several hundred million integrated devices and 10 levels of interconnect wiring, designated as the back-end-of-the-line (BEOL). Since the invention of microprocessors, the number of active devices on a chip has been exponentially increasing, approximately doubling every two years. This trend was first described in 1965 by Gordon Moore,2 although the original discussion suggested doubling the number of devices every year, and the phenomenon became popularly known as Moore’s Law. This progress has proven remarkably resilient and has persisted for more than 50 years. The enabler that has permitted these advances is known as scaling, that is, the reduction of minimum device dimensions by lithographic advances (photoresists, tooling, and process integration optimization) by ∼30% for each device generation.3 It allowed more active devices to be incorporated in a given area and improved the operating characteristics of the individual transistors. It should be emphasized that the earlier improvements in chip performance were achieved with very few changes in the materials used in the construction of the chips themselves. The increase of performance with scaling * Corresponding author. E-mail: gdubois@us.ibm.com. † IBM Almaden Research Center. ‡ Stanford University. Willi Volksen received his B.S. in Chemistry (magna cum laude) from New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology in 1972 and his Ph.D. in Chemistry/Polymer Science from the University of Massachusetts, Lowell, in 1975. He then joined the research group of Prof. Harry Gray/Dr. Alan Rembaum at the California Institute of Technology as a postdoctoral fellow and upon completion of the one-year appointment joined Dr. Rembaum at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory as a Senior Chemist in 1976. In 1977 Dr. Volksen joined the IBM Research Division at the IBM Almaden Research Center in San Jose, CA, where he is an active research staff member in the Advanced Materials Group of the Science and Technology function.

Low dielectric constant materials.

A system includes a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device includes a first single crystal silicon layer comprising first transistors, first alignment marks, and at least one metal layer overlying the first single crystal silicon layer, wherein the at least one metal layer comprises copper or aluminum more than other materials; and a second single crystal silicon layer overlying the at least one metal layer. The second single crystal silicon layer comprises a plurality of second transistors arranged in substantially parallel bands. Each of a plurality of the bands comprises a portion of the second transistors along an axis in a repeating pattern.

System comprising a semiconductor device and structure

A device comprising semiconductor memories, the device comprising: a first layer and a second layer of layer-transferred mono-crystallized silicon, wherein the first layer comprises a first plurality of horizontally-oriented transistors; wherein the second layer comprises a second plurality of horizontally-oriented transistors; and wherein the second plurality of horizontally-oriented transistors overlays the first plurality of horizontally-oriented transistors.

Semiconductor device and structure

A method to process an Integrated Circuit device including processing a first layer of first transistors, then processing a first metal layer overlaying the first transistors and providing at least one connection to the first transistors, then processing a second metal layer overlaying the first metal layer, then processing a second layer of second transistors overlaying the second metal layer, wherein the second metal layer is connected to provide power to at least one of the second transistors.

Method for fabrication of a semiconductor device and structure

Thinned wafer multi-stack 3DI technology

200-mm and 300-mm device wafers were successfully thinned down to less than 10-µm. A 200-nm non-crystalline layer remaining after the high-rate Back Grind process was partially removed down to 50-nm by Ultra Poligrind process, or was completely removed with either Chemical Mechanical Planarization or Dry Polish. For FRAM device wafers thinned down to 9-µm, switching charge showed no change by the thinning process. CMOS logic device wafers thinned to 7-µm indicated neither change in I on current nor junction leakage current. Thinning such wafers to <10-µm will allow for lower aspect ratio less than 4 of Through-Silicon-Via (TSV) in a via-last process.

Development of sub 10-µm ultra-thinning technology using device wafers for 3D manufacturing of terabit memory

Advanced wafer thinning technology and feasibility test for 3D integration

An interlayer insulation film is deposited on a substrate in which a semiconductor element has been formed. A wiring groove is formed in the interlayer insulation film. A barrier layer, made of a material which prevents the diffusion of Cu atoms, is formed on at least the inner surface of the wring groove and the upper surface of the interlayer insulation film. A seed layer, made of Cu which contains an impurity, -is deposited on the barrier layer. By way of plating, a conductive layer made of Cu is deposited on the seed layer so as to fill the wiring groove. The substrate is heated to precipitate the impurity, contained in the seed layer, on at least an interface between the seed layer and the barrier layer. The conductive layer, the seed layer and the barrier layer are removed until the upper surface of the interlayer insulation film appears, thus performing surface planarization. A method for forming a Cu wiring whose adhesion to the underlying surface is high and whose electromigration resistance is excellent, is attained employing a plating process.

Semiconductor device with copper wiring and semiconductor device manufacturing method

Influence of the sidewall roughness in through-silicon via (TSV) on leakage currents has been studied. Micro steps along the sidewall, so-called scalloping, formed by Bosch etching, are strongly related to leakage currents between adjacent TSVs. Microcracks in the SiON barriers were observed by TEM analysis and correlated with the sidewall roughness. FEM simulations of the stress concentration along the sidewall roughness clarified the origin of cracking. A non-Bosch etching process showed smooth sidewall surface and we consider it to be feasible for reliable TSV interconnects.

Hideki Kitada

Papers

Thinned wafer multi-stack 3DI technology

Development of sub 10-µm ultra-thinning technology using device wafers for 3D manufacturing of terabit memory

Advanced wafer thinning technology and feasibility test for 3D integration

Semiconductor device with copper wiring and semiconductor device manufacturing method

Comparative study of side-wall roughness effects on leakage currents in through-silicon via interconnects