In 1997, Azuma published a survey on augmented reality (AR). Our goal is to complement, rather than replace, the original survey by presenting representative examples of the new advances. We refer one to the original survey for descriptions of potential applications (such as medical visualization, maintenance and repair of complex equipment, annotation, and path planning); summaries of AR system characteristics (such as the advantages and disadvantages of optical and video approaches to blending virtual and real, problems in display focus and contrast, and system portability); and an introduction to the crucial problem of registration, including sources of registration error and error-reduction strategies.

https://www.cc.gatech.edu/~blair/papers/ARsurveyCGA.pdf

Recent advances in augmented reality

We describe an augmented reality conferencing system which uses the overlay of virtual images on the real world. Remote collaborators are represented on virtual monitors which can be freely positioned about a user in space. Users can collaboratively view and interact with virtual objects using a shared virtual whiteboard. This is possible through precise virtual image registration using fast and accurate computer vision techniques and head mounted display (HMD) calibration. We propose a method for tracking fiducial markers and a calibration method for optical see-through HMD based on the marker tracking.

/pdf/marker-tracking-and-hmd-calibration-for-a-video-based-44oiw0a2ha.pdf

Marker tracking and HMD calibration for a video-based augmented reality conferencing system

https://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/spr05/cos598E/bib/rui99_cbir_survey.pdf

Image Retrieval

We are on the verge of ubiquitously adopting Augmented Reality (AR) technologies to enhance our percep- tion and help us see, hear, and feel our environments in new and enriched ways. AR will support us in fields such as education, maintenance, design and reconnaissance, to name but a few. This paper describes the field of AR, including a brief definition and development history, the enabling technologies and their characteristics. It surveys the state of the art by reviewing some recent applications of AR technology as well as some known limitations regarding human factors in the use of AR systems that developers will need to overcome.

/pdf/a-survey-of-augmented-reality-technologies-applications-and-3d9hf1tnc4.pdf

A Survey of Augmented Reality Technologies, Applications and Limitations

Although Augmented Reality technology was first developed over forty years ago, there has been little survey work giving an overview of recent research in the field. This paper reviews the ten-year development of the work presented at the ISMAR conference and its predecessors with a particular focus on tracking, interaction and display research. It provides a roadmap for future augmented reality research which will be of great value to this relatively young field, and also for helping researchers decide which topics should be explored when they are beginning their own studies in the area.

/pdf/trends-in-augmented-reality-tracking-interaction-and-display-1juiru9a4u.pdf

Trends in augmented reality tracking, interaction and display: A review of ten years of ISMAR

Image database systems: A survey

Introduces a collaborative augmented reality (AR) system for real-time interactive operations AR enables us to enhance physical space with computer-generated virtual space In addition, collaborative AR allows multiple participants to simultaneously share the physical space surrounding them and a virtual space that is visually registered with the physical one They can also communicate with each other through the mixed space This paper describes the AR/sup 2/Hockey (Augmented Reality AiR Hockey) system, where players can share a physical game field and mallets, and a virtual puck to play an air-hockey game, as a case study of a collaborative AR system Since real-time accurate registration between both spaces and players is crucial for the collaboration, a video-rate registration algorithm is implemented with magnetic head-trackers and video cameras attached to optical see-through head-mounted displays (HMDs) The configuration of the system and the details of the registration are described Our experimental collaborative AR system achieves higher interactivity than a totally immersive collaborative VR system

/pdf/ar-sup-2-hockey-a-case-study-of-collaborative-augmented-4sqpu4hezh.pdf

AR/sup 2/Hockey: a case study of collaborative augmented reality

This paper introduces a new type of anthropomorphic agent that lives in a 3D space where the real and virtual worlds are seamlessly merged. In this mixed reality (MR) space, people wearing a see-through head-mounted display can interact with both physical and virtual objects in real time. In this type of MR space, an embodied conversational agent, named "Welbo," is implemented to study how agent technology contributes. This agent has several unique features, compared with the conventional desktop agent.

/pdf/welbo-an-embodied-conversational-agent-living-in-mixed-55gzbsp9zg.pdf

Welbo: an embodied conversational agent living in mixed reality space

SPIDER is a general-purpose image processing software package which consists of over 400 FORTRAN IV subroutines for various image processing algorithms and several utility programs for managing them. The package was developed for the benefit of extensive interchange and accumulation of programs among research groups. Thus, high transportability of software is emphasized above all in its design concept. In effect, all the image processing subroutines are implemented to be completely free of I/O work such as file access or driving peripheral image devices. The specifications of SPIDER programs also regulate the style of comments in source programs and documentation for the user's manual. SPIDER may also be very useful as a research tool in other scientific disciplines as well as integrating fundamental algorithms in the image processing community. The design concepts, specifications, and contents of SPIDER are described.

Design and implementation of SPIDER― a transportable image processing software package

This paper describes a view management method for annotations on mobile mixed reality systems. In recent years, mobile devices, such as mobile phones and PDAs, have rapidly gained popularity. Thus, MR systems using mo- bile devices are expected to be a rich field. However, the mobile devices' components (screen and application executable memory) are very small compared to those of notebook computers. Also, the processor does not have enough computational power. Thus, it is difficult for such devices to apply existing view management techniques. We propose a view management method that consists of seven sub-functions. Each sub-function is implemented by a simple algorithm, while a system developer assembles required sub-functions into a customized view manage- ment component. We implemented some applications based on the proposed method and discussed the effectiveness of the view management algorithm.

/pdf/a-view-management-method-for-mobile-mixed-reality-systems-4k5qz3s9ty.pdf

Hideyuki Tamura

Papers

Image database systems: A survey

AR/sup 2/Hockey: a case study of collaborative augmented reality

Welbo: an embodied conversational agent living in mixed reality space

Design and implementation of SPIDER― a transportable image processing software package

A view management method for mobile mixed reality systems