There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

基礎講座 電気泳動(Electrophoresis)

Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater: including bottom sediments and sludges , Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater: including bottom sediments and sludges , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی

Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater: including bottom sediments and sludges

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Hydraulic Control Systems

Passive mixers in microfluidic systems: A review

Correction for 'Electrocoalescence of paired droplets encapsulated in double-emulsion drops' by Yankan Jia et al., Lab Chip, 2016, DOI: .

/pdf/correction-electrocoalescence-of-paired-droplets-5cxelat95w.pdf

Correction: Electrocoalescence of paired droplets encapsulated in double-emulsion drops

Wireless sensors have been developed rapidly, while their energy supply components are relatively backward since the beginning of the twenty-first century. This paper proposes a symmetrical V-shaped micro-piezoelectric energy harvester (SV-MPEH) based on PZT-5H, which is used to supply energy to sensors that detect ambient temperature. Firstly, the finite element model and the electromechanical coupling model are established. Secondly, the SV-MPEH adopts parametric design to ensure steady-state output power. Then, the output performance of the SV-MPEH is simulated when the initial temperature is 373 K under the accelerations of 0.5 g, 1 g, and 1.5 g, respectively. Finally, three sets of steady-state output powers are obtained by using two access methods (Type I and Type II) of piezoelectric components. The simulation results indicate that the output power of the SV-MPEH is nearly 20% higher than that of conventional cantilever harvester under the same simulation parameters. In addition, the power density of the SV-MPEH shows a different upward trend through the two access methods (Type I and Type II) of piezoelectric sheets, and Type I exhibits a higher growth rate than Type II.

Transient output performance of symmetrical V-shaped micro-piezoelectric energy harvester by using PZT-5H

We report a unique phenomenon in which liquid metal droplets (LMDs) under a pure ac electric field pump fluid. Unlike the directional pumping that occurs upon reversing the electric field polarity under a dc signal, this phenomenon allows the direction of fluid motion to be switched by simply shifting the position of the LMD within the cylindrical chamber. The physical mechanism behind this phenomenon has been termed Marangoni flow, caused by nonlinear electrocapillary stress. Under the influence of a localized, asymmetric ac electric field, the polarizable surface of the position-offset LMD produces a net time-averaged interfacial tension gradient that scales with twice the field strength, and thus pumps fluid unidirectionally. However, the traditional linear RC circuit polarization model of the LMD/electrolyte interface fails to capture the correct pump-flow direction when the thickness of the LMD oxide skin is non-negligible compared to the Debye length. Therefore, we developed a physical description by treating the oxide layer as a distributed capacitance with variable thickness and connected with the electric double layer. The flow profile is visualized via microparticle imaging velocimetry, and excellent consistency is found with simulation results obtained from the proposed nonlinear model. Furthermore, we investigate the effects of relevant parameters on fluid pumping and discuss a special phenomenon that does not exist in dc control systems. To our knowledge, no previous work addresses LMDs in this manner and uses a zero-mean ac electric field to achieve stable, adjustable directional pumping of a low-conductivity solution.

Fluid pumping by liquid metal droplet utilizing ac electric field.

The gallium-based eutectic liquid metal alloys exhibit unique properties of deformability, excellent electrical conductivity and low vapour pressure. The liquid metal-based circuits’ element or actuator have drawn considerable attention in stretchable electronics and microelectromechanical (MEMS) actuators. Yet, the motion of the liquid metal within the electrolyte needs to be precisely regulated to satisfy application requirements. Herein, we investigated the locomotion of liquid metal within the alkaline aqueous solution under electrostatic actuation. The relationship between the travelling speed of the liquid metal slug and the relative influential parameters, such as the voltage amplitude and frequencies of the applied electric field, electrolyte concentration, electrodes distance and the liquid metal volume, were experimentally characterized. A travelling speed up to 20.33 mm/s was obtained at the applied voltage of 4 Vpp at 150 Hz at 6 V DC offset. Finally, the frequency-dependent liquid metal marble movements were demonstrated, namely oscillation and forward locomotion while oscillating. The oscillation frequency was determined by the frequency of the applied alternate current (AC) signal. The remarkable transportation and oscillating characteristic of the liquid metal marble under the electrostatic actuation may present potentials towards the development of flexible electronics and reconfigurable structures.

https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/13/9/2122/pdf

Hongyuan Jiang

Papers

Correction: Electrocoalescence of paired droplets encapsulated in double-emulsion drops

Transient output performance of symmetrical V-shaped micro-piezoelectric energy harvester by using PZT-5H

Fluid pumping by liquid metal droplet utilizing ac electric field.

Versatile Movements of Liquid Metal Droplet under Electrostatic Actuation in Alkaline Solutions.

Eccentric magnetic microcapsule for on-demand transportation, release, and evacuation in microfabrication fluidic networks