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Principles Of Optics Electromagnetic Theory Of Propagation Interference And Diffraction Of Light

Organic materials that exhibit thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) are an attractive class of functional materials that have witnessed a booming development in recent years. Since Adachi et al. reported high-performance TADF-OLED devices in 2012, there have been many reports regarding the design and synthesis of new TADF luminogens, which have various molecular structures and are used for different applications. In this review, we summarize and discuss the latest progress concerning this rapidly developing research field, in which the majority of the reported TADF systems are discussed, along with their derived structure–property relationships, TADF mechanisms and applications. We hope that such a review provides a clear outlook of these novel functional materials for a broad range of scientists within different disciplinary areas and attracts more researchers to devote themselves to this interesting research field.

Recent advances in organic thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials.

We thank the University of St Andrews for support. EZ-C thanks the Leverhulme Trust for financial support (RPG-2016-047). and the EPSRC (EP/P010482/1) for financial support.

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Purely Organic Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Materials for Organic Light-Emitting Diodes.

In the last two decades, plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) has been the subject of intense research efforts. Plasmon physics is intriguing and its precise modelling proved to be challenging. In fact, plasmons are highly responsive to a multitude of factors, either intrinsic to the Au NPs or from the environment, and recently the need emerged for the correction of standard electromagnetic approaches with quantum effects. Applications related to plasmon absorption and scattering in Au NPs are impressively numerous, ranging from sensing to photothermal effects to cell imaging. Also, plasmon-enhanced phenomena are highly interesting for multiple purposes, including, for instance, Raman spectroscopy of nearby analytes, catalysis, or sunlight energy conversion. In addition, plasmon excitation is involved in a series of advanced physical processes such as non-linear optics, optical trapping, magneto-plasmonics, and optical activity. Here, we provide the general overview of the field and the background for appropriate modelling of the physical phenomena. Then, we report on the current state of the art and most recent applications of plasmon resonance in Au NPs.

Surface plasmon resonance in gold nanoparticles: a review.

The present review is devoted to summarizing the recent advances (2015-2017) in the field of metal-catalysed group-directed C-H functionalisation In order to clearly showcase the molecular diversity that can now be accessed by means of directed C-H functionalisation, the whole is organized following the directing groups installed on a substrate Its aim is to be a comprehensive reference work, where a specific directing group can be easily found, together with the transformations which have been carried out with it Hence, the primary format of this review is schemes accompanied with a concise explanatory text, in which the directing groups are ordered in sections according to their chemical structure The schemes feature typical substrates used, the products obtained as well as the required reaction conditions Importantly, each example is commented on with respect to the most important positive features and drawbacks, on aspects such as selectivity, substrate scope, reaction conditions, directing group removal, and greenness The targeted readership are both experts in the field of C-H functionalisation chemistry (to provide a comprehensive overview of the progress made in the last years) and, even more so, all organic chemists who want to introduce the C-H functionalisation way of thinking for a design of straightforward, efficient and step-economic synthetic routes towards molecules of interest to them Accordingly, this review should be of particular interest also for scientists from industrial R&D sector Hence, the overall goal of this review is to promote the application of C-H functionalisation reactions outside the research groups dedicated to method development and establishing it as a valuable reaction archetype in contemporary R&D, comparable to the role cross-coupling reactions play to date

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A comprehensive overview of directing groups applied in metal-catalysed C-H functionalisation chemistry.

The study aims at characterizing prehistoric cave art by a non-invasive approach using portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. Technical difficulties such as restricted access and heterogeneous material are discussed and a reliable, informative protocol was implemented for characterizing the chemical constituents of black figures. Two different data evaluation protocols were compared in the laboratory on mock-up samples with respect to their applicability, limits and deviations, one relying on elemental ratios and the other one on an internal standard. The mock-ups were made of a calcareous substrate and natural manganese oxide minerals likely to be found in the prehistoric cave art. The best-suited data evaluation protocol was applied in situ to 19 analyzed figures in the prehistoric cave of Font-de-Gaume, Dordogne, France. Different chemical groups could be defined among the manganese oxide-based paints and discussed within the cave context. Confirmation of the defined groups could be provided by complementary Raman investigations and they are consistent with chemical groups found in comparable cave art, namely in the Rouffignac cave, Dordogne, France.

In situ XRF study of black colouring matter of the Palaeolithic figures in the Font-de-Gaume cave

Examination of the Uomini Illustri: looking for the origins of the portraits in the Studiolo of the Ducal Palace of Urbino. Part II

Improved discrimination of biogenic and diagenetic elements in Palaeolithic mammoth ivory and bone from Hohle Fels Cave in the Swabian Jura of Southwestern Germany

Cet article est consacre aux etudes conduites sur les materiaux inorganiques du patrimoine. Sont decrites les principales methodologies analytiques utilisees sur les œuvres d’art pour caracteriser ces materiaux. La plupart du temps, ces approches sont mises en œuvre conjointement afin de repondre a des problematiques specifiques. Pour illustrer les methodes d’examens et les techniques d’analyse rapportees, quelques exemples concrets d’etude d’objets archeologiques ou de pieces de musee sont exposes, du portrait a l’encaustique a l’imitation de pierres precieuses en passant par le bijou etrusque.

Ina Reiche

Papers

In situ XRF study of black colouring matter of the Palaeolithic figures in the Font-de-Gaume cave

Examination of the Uomini Illustri: looking for the origins of the portraits in the Studiolo of the Ducal Palace of Urbino. Part II

Improved discrimination of biogenic and diagenetic elements in Palaeolithic mammoth ivory and bone from Hohle Fels Cave in the Swabian Jura of Southwestern Germany

Physico-chimie des matériaux du patrimoine culturel. Partie 2

Altérations et dépôts sur les parois de la grotte de Rouffignac: premiers résultats d'analyses