Ingemar Fries

TL;DR: It is shown that a commonly used insecticide seed coating in a flowering crop can have serious consequences for wild bees, and the contribution of pesticides to the global decline of wild bees may have been underestimated.

TL;DR: This data, combined with N =36 additional published sequences demonstrate that (i) N. ceranae most likely jumped host to A. mellifera, probably within the last decade, (ii) that host colonies and individuals may be co-infected by both microsporidia species, and that N. Ceranae is now a parasite of A. Mellifera across most of the world.

TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis, based on the sequence of the small subunit ribosomal RNA, places Nosema ceranae in the Nosema clade, as defined by Nosema bombycis, the type species of the nosema genus.

TL;DR: The recent advancements in N. ceranae genetics, with a draft assembly of the N. Ceranae genome available, are discussed and the need for increased research on the impacts of this parasite on European honey bees is emphasized.

TL;DR: Honeybees possess an abundant, diverse and ancient LAB microbiota in their honey crop with beneficial effects for bee health, defending them against microbial threats, and this microbiota will become central to studies on honeybee health, including colony collapse disorder, and act as an exemplar case of insect-microbe symbiosis.