Showing papers by "J. Bruce German published in 1994"
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors evaluated both lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants with corn oil stripped of natural tocopherols in bulk and in emulsion systems, respectively.
Abstract: Antioxidants have been difficult to evaluate in oils and food emulsions due in part to the complex interfacial phenomena involved. Lipophilic and hydrophilic antioxidants were evaluated with corn oil stripped of natural tocopherols in bulk and in emulsion systems. Oridation was followed by determining formation of hydroperoxides and hexanal. The lipophilic antioxidants α-tocopherol and ascorbyl palmitate were more effective in an oil-in-water emulsion system than in bulk oil, while the opposite trend was found for the hydrophilic antioxidants Trolox and ascorbic acid. The oil-insoluble ascorbic acid was a particularly efficient antioxidant in suspension in the bulk oil system
704 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the formation and stability of foamed oil in water emulsions of vegetable oil, milk fat, or milk fat fractions separated by crystallization were characterized using magnetic resonance imaging as a measurement probe.
23 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, tripalmitin-enriched butterfat was used as a moisture barrier in edible films and coatings, and the phase behavior of tripalin/butterfat mixtures was determined.
Abstract: The functionality of butterfat can be improved by fractionation, a process that can be considered as enrichment of butterfat with long-chain saturated fatty acids. Model hard fractions were produced by adding tripalmitin to butterfat, in ratios from 0.9:0.1 through 0.1:0.9. The model system had very similar thermal behavior and mechanical properties to true fractions. The phase behavior of tripalmitin/butterfat mixtures was determined. Such butterfat fractions have potential as a moisture barrier in edible films and coatings. Tripalmitin-enriched butterfat is an alternative to hard butterfat fractions in some applications.
18 citations
TL;DR: Though constituting only 3% of dietary fatty acids, 5,11,14-ETA was the most abundant long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid in the serum phospholipids, suggesting that it very successfully competed with 20:4 as a constituent of membrane lipids.
14 citations
TL;DR: The product was determined to be 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) on the basis of retention time in HPLC analysis and to have a conjugated structure on the based of UV absorbance spectroscopy and to be oxygenated at the C-12 position on theBased on mass spectroscopic and HP LC analysis.
Abstract: Lipoxygenase (LOX) activity was found in the hemolymph of live tiger shrimp (Penaues japonicus Bate) but not in the muscle, branchiae, midgut gland, eye, brain, and spinal cord. Oxygen consumption rate of shrimp hemolymph catalyzed oxidation of arachidonic acid was 1.32 nmol min -1 (mg of protein) -1 . The product was determined to be 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) on the basis of retention time in HPLC analysis. The 12-HETE was found to have a conjugated structure on the basis of UV absorbance spectroscopy and to be oxygenated at the C-12 position on the basis of mass spectroscopy and HPLC analysis. The amount of 12-HETE was proportional to oxygen consumption. A 12-lipoxygenase (LOX) activity was identified in the hemolymph of shrimp
11 citations