Showing papers in "Journal of Dairy Science in 1994"

TL;DR: The objective of this study was to assess objectively the ability of observers to assess body condition of dairy cows and the relationship between body region description and absolute body condition score.

TL;DR: Except for normal diurnal variation, few factors other than infection status have a significant impact on milk SCC.

TL;DR: Dairy cattle in areas with relatively moderate climates also are exposed to periods of heat stress, and the resultant decrease in milk production and reproductive efficiency can be offset by implementation of a program consisting of cooling through shades, ventilation and spray, and fans.

TL;DR: Peptides derived from alpha s1- and beta-caseins by the Lactobacillus helveticus CP790 proteinase showed antihypertensive effect in SHR rats.

TL;DR: In this paper, the glass transition temperatures of milk powders containing lactose were determined for dehydrated milk products with various water contents and water activities, and state diagrams were established.

TL;DR: This result implicated the acute rise in NEFA at calving as a contributing factor to triglyceride accumulation in the liver and the increasing plasma glucose and decreasing plasma BHBA prior to calving may have reflected metabolic changes toward gluconeogenesis.

TL;DR: A multiple-trait sire model was described in which yields of daughters in different countries were considered to be different traits, which appears to be better theoretically than methods in which the genetic correlations among countries are assumed to be 1.

TL;DR: In the future, genetic gains for milk quality and mastitis resistance may be made by removing bulls from breeding programs when their daughters are predisposed to high SCC.

TL;DR: Quantitative measurement of ruminally degradable subfractions and estimation of their degradation rates by electrophoretic and densitometric scanning are useful in understanding ruminal degradability of corn proteins.

TL;DR: Relationships among feeding behavior variables for noncompeting cows producing various quantities of milk were examined to determine experimental designs with adequate power to detect reasonable treatment differences and suggest that differences exist among cows for chewing efficiency.

TL;DR: Technologies that provide the solution for detection problems should provide the following: continuous (24 h/d) surveillance of the cow, accurate and automatic identification of cows in estrus, operation for the productive lifetime of thecow, minimized labor requirements, and high accuracy in identifying the appropriate physiologic or behavioral events that correlate highly with ovulation.

TL;DR: Manure solids combined with wastes from other sources may have potential if a marketable product can be produced or if sufficient subsidy is received for processing supplementary wastes, and solutions to odor problems are needed.

TL;DR: Bifidobacteria remained viable and increased in numbers in cheese during this 24-wk study but did not affect the flavor, flavor intensity, texture, or appearance of the cheese compared with that of the control.

TL;DR: Vitamin D and calcium metabolism is reviewed, giving emphasis to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D receptor regulation and function as related to the periparturient dairy cow, providing insights into nutritional and endocrine strategies that have proved useful in milk fever management.

TL;DR: Evaluating quantitatively the chemical and physical properties of protein and energy sources that determine AA availability to lactating cows and factors that alter microbial metabolism of N in the rumen and subsequently protein supply to the small intestine are evaluated.

TL;DR: In herds with high (> 10%) or low (< 3%) prevalence of S. aureus IMI, S.aureus was isolated from heifer teat skin, heifer external orifices, housing, feedstuffs, humans, nonbovine animals, air, and equipment.

TL;DR: Using somatic cell scores for breeding decisions would marginally decrease genetic gain for milk yield and increase total economic merit, and Optimal selection indexes would slow the rate of increase in mastitis, rather than decrease its incidence.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer model was considered to be the most applicable for predicting water adsorption in dehydrated milk products with various fat contents, and the effect of lactose hydrolysis on water sorption was investigated.

TL;DR: In diets with 5% added fat, a degree of saturation between saturated tallow and tallow appears to be optimum for fatty acid digestibility and DMI.

TL;DR: During proestrus, gonadotropins induce final follicular maturation, resulting in increased secretion of estradiol, which acts on the hypothalamus to induce estrous behavior.

TL;DR: Low cation-anion difference prepartum can mitigate hypocalcemia peripartum via increased urinary Ca, blood-ionized Ca, and responsiveness to Ca homeostatic hormones, and reduced the incidence of paresis and increased productivity by reducing the severity and length of hypocalCEmia in all cows (periparturient).

TL;DR: Management to minimize effects on the cow of environments conducive to heat stress and strategies that improve DMI are necessary to sustain the high milk yield potential offered by technologies, including bST.

TL;DR: A bifidogenic growth stimulator was found in the cell-free filtrate of Propionibacterium freudenreichii 7025 culture and in the methanol extract fraction of the cells.

TL;DR: Separation and quantification of orotic, citric, pyruvic, lactic, uric, formic, acetic, propionic, butyric, and hippuric acids in a single isocratic analysis by HPLC.

TL;DR: Genetic evaluation for lactation means of linear somatic cell scores has been implemented by USDA and parallels that for yield traits, but more information is needed for the same degree of confidence in genetic estimates as for yield.

TL;DR: A dose of 296 ml of propylene glycol was almost as effective as a dose of 887 ml in reducing lipid mobilization during restricted feed intake in heifers in a 4 x 4 Latin square design with 12-d periods.

TL;DR: A statistical model similar to that for dairy cattle was used to predict milk yield on the basis of flock, ewes within the flock, lactation stage, parity number, type of birth, and SCC; the model predicted 73% of the variation in milk yield.

TL;DR: Investigation of corpus luteum growth and function and peripheral serum progesterone concentrations in lactating, cyclic Holstein cows during spring and summer found suppressed luteal function may contribute to low fertility when cows are inseminated during summer.

TL;DR: Data clearly demonstrated that infusion of trans-C18:1 fatty acids into the abomasum depressed milkfat percentage and yield, and it is speculated that reduced synthesis of fatty acids and reduced activity of acyl transferase in mammary tissue contributed to depressed milk fat percentage for the trans treatment.

TL;DR: The length of productive life of 103,214 Normande cows milked from 1979 to 1989 in purebred herds was analyzed using a mixed Weibull model, and the estimated variances of the herd-year and sire effects indicated a large influence of these effects on culling rate.