Development and validation of a universal blood donor genotyping platform: a multinational prospective study.

Introduction ABO blood group incompatibility between a pregnant woman and her fetus as a cause of morbidity or mortality of the fetus or newborn remains an important, albeit rare, risk. When a pregnant woman has a high level of anti-A or anti-B IgG antibodies, the child may be at risk for hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN). Performing a direct prenatal determination of the fetal ABO blood group can provide valuable clinical information. Objective Here, we report a next generation sequencing (NGS)-based assay for predicting the prenatal ABO blood group. Materials and methods A total of 26 plasma samples from 26 pregnant women were tested from gestational weeks 12 to 35. Of these samples, 20 were clinical samples and 6 were test samples. Extracted cell-free DNA was PCR-amplified using 2 primer sets followed by NGS. NGS data were analyzed by 2 different methods, FASTQ analysis and a grep search, to ensure robust results. The fetal ABO prediction was compared with the known serological infant ABO type, which was available for 19 samples. Results There was concordance for 19 of 19 predictable samples where the phenotype information was available and when the analysis was done by the 2 methods. For immunized pregnant women (n = 20), the risk of HDFN was predicted for 12 fetuses, and no risk was predicted for 7 fetuses; one result of the clinical samples was indeterminable. Cloning and sequencing revealed a novel variant harboring the same single nucleotide variations as ABO*O.01.24 with an additional c.220C>T substitution. An additional indeterminable result was found among the 6 test samples and was caused by maternal heterozygosity. The 2 indeterminable samples demonstrated limitations to the assay due to hybrid ABO genes or maternal heterozygosity. Conclusions We pioneered an NGS-based fetal ABO prediction assay based on a cell-free DNA analysis from maternal plasma and demonstrated its application in a small number of samples. Based on the calculations of variant frequencies and ABO*O.01/ABO*O.02 heterozygote frequency, we estimate that we can assign a reliable fetal ABO type in approximately 95% of the forthcoming clinical samples of type O pregnant women. Despite the vast genetic variations underlying the ABO blood groups, many variants are rare, and prenatal ABO prediction is possible and adds valuable early information for the prevention of ABO HDFN.

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Next Generation Sequencing-Based Fetal ABO Blood Group Prediction by Analysis of Cell-Free DNA from Maternal Plasma

RH genotyping by nonspecific quantitative next-generation sequencing.

Multiple GYPB gene deletions associated with the U- phenotype in those of African ancestry.

Targeted exome sequencing designed for blood group, platelet, and neutrophil antigen investigations: Proof-of-principle study for a customized single-test system.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/trf.15473

Automated typing of red blood cell and platelet antigens from whole exome sequences

Airmen and health-care providers' attitudes toward the use of genomic sequencing in the US Air Force: findings from the MilSeq Project.

BACKGROUND
Hospital-acquired pressure injuries (HAPIs) are a significant problem for hospitals worldwide, negatively affecting patients and organizations by decreasing quality of life and increasing organizational cost of care and workload. A common pressure injury prevention intervention is frequent turning, though compliance can be low. As a newer technology, wearable sensors have emerged as an intervention to increase turn compliance.


AIMS
The aim of this integrative review was to determine the clinical outcomes of using wearable sensors as a HAPI prevention intervention.


METHODS
This integrative review was appraised by two independent reviewers using the Johns Hopkins Nursing Evidence-Based Practice Research Appraisal Tool.


RESULTS
Eleven articles were included. The use of wearable sensors increases compliance with frequent turn protocols while decreasing HAPIs and reducing organizational costs. Despite this, the use of such technology was not found to increase the quality of turns. Although staff who used this technology reported positive feedback, technological training is needed to ensure proper use of the sensors.


LINKING ACTION TO PRACTICE
This innovation has the potential to transform how nursing staff prevent pressure injuries, but more research is needed to definitively state whether wearable sensors will be efficacious as a pressure injury prevention intervention.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/wvn.12638

Jacqueline M. Killian

Papers

Automated typing of red blood cell and platelet antigens from whole exome sequences

Airmen and health-care providers' attitudes toward the use of genomic sequencing in the US Air Force: findings from the MilSeq Project.

Using wearable technology to prevent pressure injuries: An integrative review.