Nanoparticles containing magnetic materials, such as magnetite (Fe3O4), are particularly useful for imaging and separation techniques. As these nanoparticles are generally considered to be biologically and chemically inert, they are typically coated with metal catalysts, antibodies or enzymes to increase their functionality as separation agents. Here, we report that magnetite nanoparticles in fact possess an intrinsic enzyme mimetic activity similar to that found in natural peroxidases, which are widely used to oxidize organic substrates in the treatment of wastewater or as detection tools. Based on this finding, we have developed a novel immunoassay in which antibody-modified magnetite nanoparticles provide three functions: capture, separation and detection. The stability, ease of production and versatility of these nanoparticles makes them a powerful tool for a wide range of potential applications in medicine, biotechnology and environmental chemistry.

Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of ferromagnetic nanoparticles

https://www.cell.com/cell/pdf/0092-8674%2893%2990719-7.pdf

p53-dependent apoptosis modulates the cytotoxicity of anticancer agents

A critical evaluation of the mechanisms of action proposed for the antitumor effects of the anthracycline antibiotics adriamycin and daunorubicin

Hemophilia is a rare disorder that is complex to diagnose and to manage. These evidence-based guidelines offer practical recommendations on the diagnosis and general management of hemophilia, as well as the management of complications including musculoskeletal issues, inhibitors, and transfusion-transmitted infections. By compiling these guidelines, the World Federation of Hemophilia aims to assist healthcare providers seeking to initiate and/or maintain hemophilia care programs, encourage practice harmonization around the world and, where recommendations lack adequate evidence, stimulate appropriate studies.

/pdf/guidelines-for-the-management-of-hemophilia-1x6t2d999b.pdf

Guidelines for the management of hemophilia.

Biocompatibility, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Applications L. Harivardhan Reddy,†,‡ Jose ́ L. Arias, Julien Nicolas,† and Patrick Couvreur*,† †Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie et Biopharmacie, Universite ́ Paris-Sud XI, UMR CNRS 8612, Faculte ́ de Pharmacie, IFR 141, 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Cleḿent, F-92296 Chat̂enay-Malabry, France Departamento de Farmacia y Tecnología Farmaceútica, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja s/n, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain ‡Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Sanofi, 13 Quai Jules Guesdes, F-94403 Vitry-sur-Seine, France

Magnetic nanoparticles: design and characterization, toxicity and biocompatibility, pharmaceutical and biomedical applications.

This paper describes the measurement of S phase DNA content in human bone marrow subpopulations using a single laser method for bivariate analysis of DNA content and cell-surface immunofluorescence (s-IF) Low density (less than 1077 g/ml) bone marrow cells were labeled with a panel of unconjugated monoclonal antibodies (MoAb) for the lymphoid (CD2 + CD19), T-lymphoid (CD2), B-lymphoid (CD19), erythroid (anti-glycophorin-A), myelomonocytic (CD13, CD33; single and as cocktail) and monocytic (CD14) lineages A fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-conjugated goat anti-mouse label was used as second step Unfixed, MoAb-labeled cells were incubated for 24 h with a hypotonic propidium iodide solution for DNA staining Cells were analysed on a single-laser flow cytometer, operating at 488 nm The effect of the combined staining protocol upon both s-IF and DNA stainability was evaluated Only a slight decrease (mean: 290%) in s-IF intensity was observed after DNA staining The percentages of immunofluorescent cells in the bone marrow samples of 10 normal individuals before and after DNA staining were essentially unchanged for all the MoAbs used The DNA histograms of the immunophenotypically defined subpopulations were of excellent quality with a mean coefficient or variation of 18% This procedure allows the assessment of very low levels of S-phase DNA content, as measured in normal low density blood cells of 8 healthy volunteers (mean 007%)(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Simultaneous measurement of DNA content and cell-surface immunofluorescence of human bone marrow cells using a single laser flow cytometer.

. Tape stripping of human skin elicits a proliferative response of a synchronously-dividing group of cells. The progress of this cohort of cells has been monitored using two windows in the cell cycle, one located in mid-S phase and the other centred around G2+ M. The cellular DNA is measured with flow cytometry, the windows are defined by two ranges in the DNA histogram.



The cohort can be described as the recruitment of cells from a pre-existing G0 compartment which consists of 76% of all proliferative cells. The duration of the S phase is calculated to be 10.2 hr and G2+ M phase 5.1 hr. The cell cycle time of 39 hr for normal human keratinocytes derived from these figures is in line with recent values obtained by different techniques.

Flow cytometric analysis of the recruitment of G0 cells in human epidermis in vivo following tape stripping

Keratin-type intermediate filament proteins show characteristic expression in normal and pathologic epidermis. Some keratins are restricted to the basal cell layers, and others occur exclusively in the suprabasal compartment. SDS-gel-electrophoresis and immunohistochemistry are generally used for the assessment of keratin profiles and their localizations. In the present investigation, flow cytometric analysis of four different monoclonal antibodies (MAb) against intermediate filament-type proteins, in addition to measurement of relative DNA content, was performed on cell suspensions derived from lesional and clinically uninvolved skin of psoriatic patients and from skin of healthy controls. MAb Ks8.12, reacting with keratins 13 and 16, was used as a marker for hyperproliferation. Pab601 recognizes the basal cell layer(s) of human epidermis. Keratin 10 expression as a marker of keratinization was quantified with RKSE60 and the anti-vimentin MAb MVI was used as a marker for non-keratinocytes. Psoriatic skin showed significantly reduced numbers of RKSE60-positive cells and MVI-positive cells compared with normal skin. In contrast to normal skin and uninvolved skin of psoriatic patients in which only a minority of the cells were Ks8.12 positive, up to 60% of the cell population in psoriatic lesions bound with MAb. Simultaneous measurement of relative DNA content and MAb binding showed that Pab601 binding was associated with cells in S-phase and G2M-phase of the cell cycle, whereas RKSE60 and Ks8.12 binding were associated with diploid cells. Multiparameter flow cytometry allows quantitative population analysis that could lead to a better understanding of the complex mechanisms of epidermal growth control under normal and pathologic conditions.

Flow cytometric analysis of epidermal subpopulations from normal and psoriatic skin using monoclonal antibodies against intermediate filaments.

Subjects with light skin complexion are especially prone to develop melanoma. Furthermore, individuals with large numbers of moles are also at increased risk of developing melanoma. We studied the association between these two markers of melanoma in a group of healthy white people: 116 children 6 to 9 years of age, 78 children 10 to 13 years of age, and 133 medical and nursing students 18 to 30 years of age. Moles were counted on the chest, back, and lower legs. Skin complexion was established with the use of a scoring system based on burning/tanning ability, eye and hair color, and freckling tendency. A multifactorial statistical analysis was performed. Average mole counts increased with age (p

Frequency of moles as a key to melanoma incidence

Our purpose was to get better insight into the ulceration of hemangiomas, by comparing patient characteristics of non-ulcerated hemangiomas with hemangiomas with active or past ulceration. A retrospective analysis was performed of files of patients who visited the Radboud University Medical Centre Nijmegen (UMCN), the Netherlands, between 1997 and 2007 for one or more infantile hemangiomas. The medical records of 465 patients were reviewed. Twenty three percent of the patients were diagnosed with ulceration. The size of ulcerated hemangiomas was significantly larger (28.6 cm2 vs. 6.0 cm2, p < 0.05). Predilection areas for ulceration were the head-neck region and the anogenital region. Ulceration was significantly most frequently seen in hemangiomas with a superficial (epidermal) component (98.5%, p < 0.05) and a segmental distribution (29.3%, p < 0.05). Ulceration most frequently took place during the proliferation phase of the hemangioma (83.1%). In the whole study population the male to female ratio was 1:2 compared to a tendency to more girls (1:3) for the group with ulcerated hemangiomas (p = 0.08). We conclude that larger, more superficial hemangiomas in areas more susceptible to trauma and contamination were more likely to ulcerate. This study contributes to the possibility of assessing the likelihood of ulceration in an individual patient.

Jan B.M. Boezeman

Papers

Simultaneous measurement of DNA content and cell-surface immunofluorescence of human bone marrow cells using a single laser flow cytometer.

Flow cytometric analysis of the recruitment of G0 cells in human epidermis in vivo following tape stripping

Flow cytometric analysis of epidermal subpopulations from normal and psoriatic skin using monoclonal antibodies against intermediate filaments.

Frequency of moles as a key to melanoma incidence

Differences between ulcerated and non-ulcerated hemangiomas, a retrospective study of 465 cases.