A Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) for PV system using Cuckoo Search with partial shading capability

This paper presents a concise and an organized review of various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithms implemented in the photovoltaic (PV) generation system useable under partial shading condition Various algorithms, PV modeling techniques, PV array configurations and controller topologies have been widely explored till date But, every technique always has its advantages as well as disadvantages simultaneously; as a result, a proper literature review is essential while designing a PV generation system (PGS) under partial shading condition In this paper, the detailed review of MPPT algorithms has been done The review on MPPT techniques has been classified into mainly four essential groups The first among them includes all the new MPPT optimization algorithms, the second group includes the hybrid MPPT algorithms, the third category includes new modeling approach, and the fourth category includes the various converter topologies This paper provides an accessible reference to undertake mass research works in PV systems in the near future under partial shading condition

A review on MPPT techniques of PV system under partial shading condition

This paper presents a new maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method for photovoltaic (PV) systems. The proposed method improves the working of the conventional perturb and observe (P&O) method in changing environmental conditions by using the fractional short-circuit current (FSCC) method. It takes the initial operating point of a PV system by using the short-circuit current method and later shifts to the conventional P&O technique. The advantage of having this two-stage algorithm is rapid tracking under changing environmental conditions. In addition, this scheme offers low-power oscillations around MPP and, therefore, more power harvesting compared with the common P&O method. The proposed MPPT decides intelligently about the moment of measuring short-circuit current and is, therefore, an irradiance sensorless scheme. The proposed method is validated with computer software simulation followed by a dSPACE DS1104-based experimental setup. A buck-boost dc-dc converter is used for simulation and experimental confirmation. Furthermore, the reliability of the proposed method is also calculated. The results show that the proposed MPPT technique works satisfactorily under given environmental scenarios.

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A New Sensorless Hybrid MPPT Algorithm Based on Fractional Short-Circuit Current Measurement and P&O MPPT

This paper presents a comprehensive overview on various maximum power point tracking (MPPT) techniques, which have been recently designed, simulated and/or experimentally validated in the PV literature. The primary goal of each MPPT technique is to optimize the output of shaded/unshaded photovoltaic (PV) array under static and dynamic weather conditions. Though each MPPT technique has its own pros and cons, an optimized MPPT technique is characterized in many aspects like hardware and software simplicity, implementation, cost effectiveness, sensors required, popularity, accuracy and convergence speed. In this paper the rating of various MPPT methods has been done based on the benchmark P&O method. The rating criteria is separately calculated for the techniques that are capable to work in full-sun and partial shading conditions. A rule based table is set to evaluate the MPPT against the algorithm's complexity, hardware implementation, tracking speed, and steady state accuracy or detection of global maximum. Moreover, special consideration has been given to bio-inspired MPPT algorithms. The bio-inspired algorithms are compared side by side with their specific application in PV system. A tree diagram is also designed to see the emergence of partial shading algorithms over a period of time. The traits presented in this paper are novel and provide bottom-line for the researchers to select and implement an appropriate MPPT technique.

Power tracking techniques for efficient operation of photovoltaic array in solar applications – A review

The energy problem is one of the most important and serious problems that humanity is faced with it and this is while the fossil fuels are running out, so finding new sources of energy is one of the challenges of modern man. Solar energy is an available, newable and almost eternal energy which can be converted directly to electrical energy by photovoltaic (PV) cells. Although the use of sunlight costs nothing but PV cells are relatively expensive so it's necessary to extract maximum power from these cells because of economic reasons. To achieve the maximum power point, there are many techniques and also many review papers but just few papers have compared these techniques from economical and technical point of view. This paper presents a review of MPPT techniques using of comprehensive and relatively new classification with emphasizing on comparison of methods.

Comparative and comprehensive review of maximum power point tracking methods for PV cells

In this paper a fractional open circuit voltage based maximum power point tracker (MPPT) for photovoltaic (PV) arrays is proposed. The fractional open circuit voltage based MPPT utilizes the fact that the PV array voltage corresponding to the maximum power exhibits a linear dependence with respect to array open circuit voltage for different irradiation and temperature levels. This method is the simplest of all the MPPT methods described in the literature. The main disadvantage of this method is that the PV array is disconnected from the load after regular intervals for the sampling of the array voltage. This results in power loss. Another disadvantage is that if the duration between two successive samplings of the array voltage, called the sampling period, is too long, there is a considerable loss. This is because the output voltage of the PV array follows the unchanged reference during one sampling period. Once a maximum power point (MPP) is tracked and a change in irradiation occurs between two successive samplings, then the new MPP is not tracked until the next sampling of the PV array voltage. This paper proposes an MPPT circuit in which the sampling interval of the PV array voltage, and the sampling period have been shortened. The sample and hold circuit, which samples and holds the MPP voltage, has also been simplified. The proposed circuit does not utilize expensive microcontroller or a digital signal processor and is thus suitable for low cost photovoltaic applications.

A fractional open circuit voltage based maximum power point tracker for photovoltaic arrays

Capacitor charging method for I–V curve tracer and MPPT in photovoltaic systems

A method for obtaining the I-V curve of photovoltaic arrays from module voltages and its applications for MPP tracking

Techniques and Experimental Results for Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic Modules Installed in Buildings

Sun and wind renewable sources are intermittent and their use is limited by the lack of widespread and cheap storage systems. A possible solution to mitigate the problem is the combined use of different Renewable Energy Sources (RES), in order to make the production profiles as close as possible to the consumption curve. In this paper the actual load profiles and solar irradiance-wind speed data are used to design a grid-connected hybrid photovoltaic-wind power system. It is optimized by a suitable simulation that minimizes the power exchange with the grid to supply a tertiary-sector user with high consumption. The energy balance is calculated and benefits are assessed with respect to the use of a single source.

Jawad Ahmad

Papers

A fractional open circuit voltage based maximum power point tracker for photovoltaic arrays

Capacitor charging method for I–V curve tracer and MPPT in photovoltaic systems

A method for obtaining the I-V curve of photovoltaic arrays from module voltages and its applications for MPP tracking

Techniques and Experimental Results for Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic Modules Installed in Buildings

Matching between electric generation and load: Hybrid PV-wind system and tertiary-sector users