Showing papers by "Jerome A. Yesavage published in 1982"
TL;DR: A new Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) designed specifically for rating depression in the elderly was tested for reliability and validity and compared with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRS-D) and the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS) as discussed by the authors.
13,014 citations
TL;DR: It is argued that the diagnosis of depression in aged patients is the responsibility of both psychologists, and non-psychologists, for it is the latter that is most likely to make initial contact with an elder in need of help.
Abstract: Contends that the diagnosis of depression in aged patients is the responsibility of both psychologists, and non-psychologists, for it is the latter that is most likely to make initial contact with ...
1,467 citations
TL;DR: The ratings of violent acts for subjects considered dangerous to others were no different than those of a nondangerous control group and the subjects considereddangerous to others differed on several subscales of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale.
Abstract: To explore the specificity of criteria for civil commitment for dangerousness, the authors examined the relationship between civil commitment for dangerousness to others under the California Civil Commitment Statute (the Lanterman-Petris-Short Act) and violent acts and behavioral ratings made immediately after commitment. Using a prospective design they evaluated 84 subjects. The ratings of violent acts for subjects considered dangerous to others were no different than those of a nondangerous control group. The subjects considered dangerous to others, however, differed on several subscales of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. The authors discuss the implications of these results for civil commitment proceedings. Language: en
83 citations
TL;DR: Elderly subjects rated for degree of anxiety were taught a progressive muscle relaxation technique and improved on a list learning measure when they were relaxed, whereas subjects with relatively low levels of anxiety showed impairment of learning after relaxation.
Abstract: Twenty-six elderly subjects rated for degree of anxiety were taught a progressive muscle relaxation technique. Subjects with a relatively high level of anxiety improved on a list learning measure when they were relaxed, whereas subjects with relatively low levels of anxiety showed impairment of learning after relaxation. The implications of these findings are discussed in relation to cognitive theory and cognitive retraining programs for the elderly.
46 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: The large variance noted with serum levels of neuroleptics on fixed doses may account for patients who have lower serum levels receiving less control of psychotic symptoms which may lead to violent behavior.
31 citations
25 citations
TL;DR: Serum levels were positively correlated with age, which may explain the tendency of elderly patients to require lower neuroleptic doses and to exhibit a higher incidence of side effects.
Abstract: After establishing a strong correlation between steady-state thiothixene levels and levels drawn 2.5 hours after a 20-mg test dose, the authors examined the correlation between clinical improvement and serum levels drawn 2.5 hours after a single 20-mg test dose of thiothixene. For 30 male schizophrenic inpatients, improvement on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale was significantly correlated with the single test-dose levels. Serum levels were also positively correlated with age, which may explain the tendency of elderly patients to require lower neuroleptic doses and to exhibit a higher incidence of side effects. The results suggest that acute single-dose levels may be useful in predicting clinical response to thiothixene.
18 citations
TL;DR: A review of the psychotherapy of the elderly, emphasizing traditional methods as well as some newer techniques, including information about the cognitive psychotherapies in the treatment of demented elderly is presented.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to present a review of the psychotherapy of the elderly, emphasizing traditional methods as well as some newer techniques. It will first review the literature on the process of psychotherapy in the elderly, then the rationale for such therapy will be discussed, and finally important technical points about such therapy will be listed, including information about the cognitive psychotherapies in the treatment of demented elderly.
18 citations
TL;DR: The 31 per cent of subjects who were certified as DO were found to have been significantly more often held initially for 72-hour observation on the DO grounds than were patients who werecertified for other reasons.
Abstract: This study examines the applications of civil commitment criteria for prolonged (14-day) involuntary hospitalization of individuals judged to be dangerous to others by reason of mental illness. The California Civil Commitment Statute (Lanterman-Petris-Short, LPS) provides for such commitment, after a 72-hour period of observations. For a sample of 71 males on an acute inpatient unit, we examined the relationship between 14-day certification by reason of dangerousness to others (DO) under the LPS and measures of prehospitalization dangerousness, prior legal status, assaultive behavior in hospital, and mental status. The 31 per cent of subjects who were certified as DO were found to have been significantly more often held initially for 72-hour observation on the DO grounds than were patients who were certified for other reasons. However, subjects in the DO group were no different from the contrast groups on ratings of assaultiveness of preadmission behavior and of violent acts while in hospital. The implications of these results for the evaluation of civil commitment proceedings are discussed.
15 citations
TL;DR: Increased CSF lactate with age appears to be of central origin and measured peripheral blood oxygen saturations in 11 subjects during collection of CSF showed that the increase observed was not due to peripheral hypoxemia.
Abstract: It has been hypothesized that cerebral oxidative glucose metabolism may become impaired with age and lead to deterioration of neuronal function. One marker of impaired cerebral oxidative glucose metabolism is increased cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate. Prior studies have found an increase in CSF lactate in aged normals, but these studies have not controlled for the possibility that decreased respiratory function with age may lead to hypoxemia and increased CSF lactate. The current study measured peripheral blood oxygen saturations in 11 subjects during collection of CSF and documented that the increase in CSF lactate observed was not due to peripheral hypoxemia. Thus, increased CSF lactate with age appears to be of central origin.
13 citations
TL;DR: Correlations between CSF lactate and age were significant for both separate and combined studies.
Abstract: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate and age were examined in a group of 64 volunteers (44 normals and 20 depressives). Correlations between CSF lactate and age were significant for both separate and com
Journal Article•
TL;DR: A physostigmine infusion may help differentiate these two disorders by exacerbating Meige dystonia but improving tardive dyskinesia.
Abstract: Idiopathic orofacial dyskinesia, also called Brueghel's syndrome, blepharospasm-oromandibular dystonia, and Meige dystonia, is characterized by involuntary facial movements. Since this disorder can be difficult to distinguish from tardive dyskinesia, we have generated a neuropharmacologic profile of Meige dystonia. Symptoms were improved by antagonists of both dopamine and acetylcholine and worsened by the cholinergic agonist physostigmine, consistent with a hypothesis of relative excess in both dopamine and acetylcholine neuronal activities. Since tardive dyskinesia is hypothesized to be characterized by dopamine excess and acetylcholine deficiency, a physostigmine infusion may help differentiate these two disorders by exacerbating Meige dystonia but improving tardive dyskinesia.
TL;DR: The study found an overall prevalence of tardive dyskinesia using strict diagnostic criteria in a large sample of chronic mental patients, and found the disorder was significantly less frequent in males than females.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to report the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia using strict diagnostic criteria in a large sample of chronic mental patients. The criteria used were those of Villeneuve, and only patients with constant movements were counted. The disorder was significantly (p less than .001) less frequent in males (5.8 per cent) than females (10.6 per cent). The study found an overall prevalence of 8.2 per cent in 3140 patients. This figure should represent a minimal prevalence figure since only patients with severe symptoms were included.
TL;DR: Rigorous clinical, laboratory and psychometric assessments revealed no toxicity and no significant effects on vital functions, and the ratio of lactate to pyruvate decreased in the cerebrospinal fluid—a finding consistent with an increase in the aerobic metabolism of glucose.
Abstract: In a single-blind study, 12 men (mean age 63 years) with senile dementia were given nafronyl in a dosage of 100 mg eight times daily for a week, followed by 100 mg four times daily for 12 weeks. Rigorous clinical, laboratory and psychometric assessments revealed no toxicity and no significant effects on vital functions. In the cerebrospinal fluid, the ratio of lactate to pyruvate decreased--a finding consistent with an increase in the aerobic metabolism of glucose.
TL;DR: Socio-economic differences between schizophrenics on an acute in-patient unit and their parents were studied in relation to indices of dangerousness and of psychiatric status and it was found that a large proportion of patients had dropped in occupational attainment but that patients tended to be higher in education than their parents.
Abstract: Socio-economic differences between schizophrenics on an acute in-patient unit and their parents were studied in relation to indices of dangerousness and of psychiatric status. It was found that, whenever thier class of origin, a large proportion of patients had dropped in occupational attainment, relative to that of their parents, but that patients tended to be higher in education than their parents. Patients who had committed an assaultive act prior to admission were lower in social status than their parents.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In a retrospective study of 30 patients receiving either single ECT or multiple monitored ECT, no difference in effectiveness or safety was seen between treatments, however, patients who received multiple monitors had fewer sessions of general anesthesia and a significantly more rapid course of treatment.
Abstract: In a retrospective study of 30 patients receiving either single ECT (N = 17) or multiple monitored ECT (N = 13), no difference in effectiveness or safety was seen between treatments. However, patients who received multiple monitored ECT had fewer sessions of general anesthesia and a significantly more rapid course of treatment.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Both the total dose and average daily dose of fluphenazine decanoate and total dose of antiparkinsonian medication correlated significantly with high AIMS scores and the clinical and physiological implications of these correlations are discussed.
Abstract: The authors examined the charts of 22 outpatients who had received intramuscular fluphenazine decanoate and oral fluphenazine hydrochloride to assess the incidence of tardive dyskinesia. The severity of tardive dyskinesia was assessed with the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS). Both the total dose and average daily dose of fluphenazine decanoate correlated significantly with high AIMS scores. There were also significant correlations of AIMS scores with total dose of antiparkinsonian medication and total dose of other neuroleptics. Total dose of antiparkinsonian medication correlated with total dose of fluphenazine decanoate. The authors discuss the clinical and physiological implications of these correlations.
TL;DR: The study found an overall prevalence of tardive dyskinesia using strict diagnostic criteria in a large sample of chronic mental patients, and found the disorder was significantly less frequent in males than females.
Abstract: The purpose of this article is to report the prevalence of tardive dyskinesia using strict diagnostic criteria in a large sample of chronic mental patients. The criteria used were those of Villeneuve, and only patients with constant movements were counted. The disorder was significantly (p less than .001) less frequent in males (5.8 per cent) than females (10.6 per cent). The study found an overall prevalence of 8.2 per cent in 3140 patients. This figure should represent a minimal prevalence figure since only patients with severe symptoms were included.
TL;DR: The utility of employing the Personal Opinion Survey as a measure of experienced control with psychiatric inpatients was examined, and relationships to involuntary legal detention on grounds of Grave Disability were presented and discussed.
Abstract: The utility of employing the Personal Opinion Survey as a measure of experienced control with psychiatric inpatients was examined for a sample of 71 patients in a psychiatric acute-care setting. Retest correlations suggested that 5 of the 7 scales were relatively stable over a 1- to 2-wk. interval. Correlations between scores on the survey and ratings of patients on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale were presented and discussed, as were relationships to involuntary legal detention on grounds of Grave Disability.