Showing papers by "Jiang He published in 2005"
TL;DR: Given the high risk for CHD among patients with CKD, control of these risk factors may have a substantial impact on their excess burden of CHD.
Abstract: Some risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence in the general population are not associated with CHD incidence among patients with ESRD but have not been well characterized in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The association of several risk factors with CHD incidence was studied among participants with CKD in the population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. CHD risk factors and estimated GFR using serum creatinine were measured among 807 ARIC participants with CKD (estimated GFR between 15 and 59 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 ). The incidence of CHD during 10.5 yr of follow-up was 6.3, 8.5, and 14.4 per 1000 person-years among ARIC participants with an estimated GFR of ≥90, 60 to 89, and 15 to 59 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 , respectively. After adjustment for age, race, gender, and ARIC field center, among those with CKD, the relative risk (95% confidence interval) of CHD was 1.65 (1.01 to 2.67) for current smoking, 2.02 (1.27 to 3.22) for hypertension, 3.06 (2.01 to 4.67) for diabetes, and 1.96 (1.14 to 3.36) for anemia. The comparably adjusted relative risks of CHD for each standard deviation higher total and HDL cholesterol were 1.50 (1.25 to 1.71) and 0.79 (0.62 to 1.01), respectively, and 1.38 (1.13 to 1.69), 1.24 (1.06 to 1.46), 0.65 (0.54 to 0.79), and 1.38 (1.19 to 1.59) for waist circumference, leukocyte count, serum albumin, and fibrinogen, respectively. CHD risk factors in the general population remain predictive among patients with CKD. Given the high risk for CHD among patients with CKD, control of these risk factors may have a substantial impact on their excess burden of CHD.
472 citations
TL;DR: It is indicated that increased intake of dietary fiber may reduce BP in patients with hypertension and suggests a smaller, non-conclusive, reduction in normotensives.
Abstract: ObjectiveWe conducted a meta-analysis of 25 randomized controlled trials published in English-language journals before February 2004, to assess the effect of dietary fiber intake on blood pressure (BP).DesignUsing a standardized protocol, information on study design, sample size, participant charact
424 citations
TL;DR: Cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiologic studies provide prevalence data on the metabolic syndrome based on criteria proposed by the World Health Organization and the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III, and Pharmacologic treatment of the individual components provides an alternate strategy for managing the syndrome.
274 citations
TL;DR: Prevention, detection, and treatment of CVD risk factor clustering should be an important component of a national strategy to reduce the increasing burden ofCVD in China.
Abstract: Background— The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors has been increasing in China. Methods and Results— We examined the prevalence of CVD risk factor clustering among Chinese adults aged 35 to 74 years with data from the International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia (InterAsia), a cross-sectional survey of a nationally representative sample (n=14 690) conducted during 2000 to 2001 and compared these data with those of US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey of 1999 to 2000. Overall, 80.5%, 45.9%, and 17.2% of Chinese adults had ≥1, ≥2, and ≥3 modifiable CVD risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, cigarette smoking, and overweight), respectively. By comparison, 93.1%, 73.0%, and 35.9% of US adults had ≥1, ≥2, and ≥3 of these risk factors, respectively. In a multivariate model including age, sex, and area of residence, the odds ratio (95% confidence interval [CI]) of having ≥1, ≥2, and ≥3 CVD risk factors versus none of the stu...
231 citations
TL;DR: In both rural and urban settings, younger adults, men, and southern residents were more likely to be physically active and to participate in work-related and leisure-time physical activity than older adults, women, and northern residents.
Abstract: Objectives. Determining physical activity levels in the community provides a context for the development and implementation of programs aimed at increasing these activity levels. Therefore, we assessed overall, work-related, and leisure-time physical activity in a representative sample of Chinese adults, aged 35 to 74 years, using data from the International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia.Methods. Being physically active was defined as participating in 30 or more minutes of moderate or vigorous activity daily. Work-related and leisure-time physical activities were defined as being physically active and participating in any moderate or vigorous activity at work or during leisure time, respectively.Results. In rural and urban China, 78.1% and 21.8% of residents, respectively, were physically active; 75.8% and 16.5%, respectively, participated in work-related activity; and 28.9% and 7.9%, respectively, participated in leisure-time physical activity. In both rural and urban settings, yo...
199 citations
TL;DR: A double-blind trial randomly assigned 302 adults with high-normal or mildly elevated blood pressures to daily cookies containing 40 g of either soybean protein or complex carbohydrates and found that soybean cookies reduced diastolic and systolic blood pressure values by about 3 to 4 mm Hg more than did the carbohydrate cookies.
Abstract: The authors examined the effect of soybean supplements to the diet in 302 participants with an initial untreated systolic blood pressure of 130 to 159 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure of 80 to 99 mm...
197 citations
TL;DR: Although the prevalence of CKD in China was relatively low, the population absolute burden is substantial and warrant a national program aimed at detection, prevention, and treatment of CKd in China.
150 citations
TL;DR: These data show that WC adds additional risk information to that of BMI in Chinese adults, and measurement of both WC and BMI inChinese adults may enhance CVD risk stratification.
141 citations
TL;DR: In the general United States adult population, inflammation is independently associated with PAD and associations were similar across gender, obesity, and diabetic subgroups.
Abstract: The relation between inflammation and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is not well characterized. This study examined this relation and its consistency across important subgroups in a cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of the adult United States population. C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, leukocyte count, and PAD were assessed in a sample of 4,787 participants aged ≥40 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999–2002. PAD was defined as an ankle-brachial blood pressure index
115 citations
TL;DR: In Chinese males, higher intake of alcohol is associated with higher risk of ISH, SDH, and IDH, while Liquor drinking, specifically, was associated with a higher odds ratio of ISh, while SDH andIDH associations did not differ by type of alcoholic beverage.
Abstract: ObjectiveTo examine the associations between alcohol intake and isolated systolic hypertension (ISH), systolic–diastolic hypertension (SDH), and isolated diastolic hypertension (IDH).DesignCross-sectional study of Chinese adults.MethodsWe analyzed data from 5317 Chinese males who were not on antihyp
70 citations
TL;DR: Most adults in China with an elevated LDL cholesterol remain untreated, and a 10% population-wide reduction in LDL cholesterol would reduce the number of Chinese adults who should be considered for drug therapy by 45% to 19.3 million (4.1% of adults).
Abstract: The prevalence of elevated blood cholesterol in China has increased during the past several decades. We estimated the percentage of the Chinese population for whom therapeutic lifestyle changes and drug therapy to lower blood cholesterol should be considered by applying the United States’ National Cholesterol Education Panel’s Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines to a nationally representative sample of the Chinese population from the International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia. Serum samples were collected for 14,919 Chinese adults, 35 to 74 years old, in 2000 and 2001, after an overnight fast of ≥8 hours and their low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level was calculated using the Freidewald equation. Using the Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines, 85.9 million Chinese adults (18.2%) should initiate therapeutic lifestyle changes to lower their LDL cholesterol and 35.0 million (7.4%) should be considered for lifestyle changes and lipid-lowering drug therapy. Of those for whom drug therapy should be considered, 4.7 million (13.4%) reported having been told they had “high cholesterol” by a healthcare provider and 1.6 million (33.7% of those aware of their high cholesterol) were receiving lipid-lowering medication—leaving 33.4 million Chinese adults with untreated elevated LDL cholesterol (95.5% of those with elevated LDL cholesterol). A 10% population-wide reduction in LDL cholesterol would reduce the number of Chinese adults who should be considered for drug therapy by 45% to 19.3 million (4.1% of adults). In conclusion, most adults in China with an elevated LDL cholesterol remain untreated.
TL;DR: Prevalence of systolic hypertension increased with age, and was more common in the older women than in the younger men, while rural residents had a higher prevalence than urban residents.
Abstract: Objective To evaluate prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension and other subtypes of hypertension, as well as their distribution in Chinese adults.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in the mainland China during 2000-2001 with a multistage cluster sampling to select a nationally representative sample of 15 540 Chinese adults aged 35-74, by InterASIA project. Hypertension subtypes were defined among individuals not receiving antihypertensive therapy as follows: isolated systolic hypertension as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mm Hg and a diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg, isolated diastolic hypertension as a systolic pressure 140 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg, and combined systolic/diastolic hypertension as a systolic pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg and a diastolic pressure ≥ 90 mm Hg. Blood pressure for each subject was measured for three readings at sitting position after rest for at least five minutes and an average reading was recorded. A standardized structured questionnaire was used to collect history of hypertension and antihypertensive treatment.Results Overall, 7.6% (1 181 cases) of adults had isolated systolic hypertension, 7.4% (1 150 cases) combined systolic/diastolic hypertension and 4.4% (683 cases) isolated diastolic hypertension in the sample of 15 540 adults at age 35-74. Prevalence of systolic hypertension increased with age, and was more common in the older women than in the older men. There was no significant difference in prevalence of isolated systolic hypertension between north and south China, but, rural residents had a higher prevalence than urban residents.Conclusion There existed a higher prevalence of systolic hypertension in China, to which enough attention should be paid.