Jianmei Yu

TL;DR: The results indicate that enhancement of the immune response to topical immunization is not restricted to CT or the ADP-ribosylating exotoxins as adjuvants, and reinforces earlier findings that addition of an adjuvant is important for the induction of robust immune responses to vaccine antigens delivered by topical application.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate that relevant colonization factor and antitoxin immunity can be induced by TCI and suggest that an ETEC traveler's diarrhea vaccine could be delivered by using a patch.

TL;DR: Although the mechanisms by which an LT-IS patch exerts its enhancing effects need further study, the enhanced immune responses, ability to safely use potent adjuvants, and simplicity of LT- IS patch application address an important unmet need and provide a new immune enhancement strategy.

TL;DR: A formulated, pressure-sensitive, dry adhesive patch, which is stable and can be manufactured in large scale, elicited comparable immunoglobulin G and TNA responses, suggesting that an anthrax vaccine patch is feasible and should advance into clinical evaluation.

TL;DR: The discussion of transcutaneous immunization is unique, in that any consideration of the adjuvant must also include delivery, and the significant advances in a commercial patch application system are described.